LR FACTORS AFFECTING VOTING Flashcards
WHAT IS CLASS DEALIGNMENT?
PROCESS WHERE INDIVIDUALS NO LONGER IDENTIFY THEMSELVES AS BELONGING TO A CERTAIN CLASS AND DO NOT VOTE FOR THE PARTY THEY MAY BE EXPECTED TO GIVEN THEIR BACKGROUND.
WHICH CLASS HISTORICALLY VOTED FOR THE LABOUR PARTY?
WORKING CLASS (C2, D, E) AS THEY CHAMPIONED WORKERS’ RIGHTS AND TRADE UNIONS
WHICH CLASS HISTORICALLY VOTED FOR THE CONSERVATIVES?
MIDDLE AND UPPER CLASSES (A,B,C1) AS THEY FAVOURED LOW TAXES, PRIVATE ENTERPRISE AND TRADITIONAL VALUES
WHAT IS CLASS VOTING?
VOTING IN LINE WITH THE POLITICAL PARTY THAT SUPPOSEDLY PROTECTS AND SERVES THE INTERESTS OF A PARTICULAR CLASS.
WHY IS THE LINK BETWEEN CLASS AND VOTING LESS SIGNIFICANT NOW?
SOCIETY HAS BECOME MORE AFFLUENT AND WOKRING CLASS HAS ASPIRED TO A MIDDLE CLASS WAY OF LIFE - DIFFERENCES IN CLASS R LESS VISIBLE
WHY R THERE NOW LESS DIFFERENCES IN CLASS?
- DECLINES IN HEAVY INDUSTRIES E.G MINORS WHO HELD STRONG TRADE UNIONS WHILE THE SERVICE SECTOR WHICH WAS LESS UNIONISED EXPANDED- CLASS C2 NOW THINK OF THEMSELVES AS MIDDLE CLASS
- MIXED CLASS HOUSEHOLDS
WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO THE SIZE OF THE CORE VOTE FOR TORIES AND LABOUR?
DIMINISHED
81% VOTED FOR EITHER IN 1979 WHEREAS IN 2024, ONLY 57% DID.
WHO R OLDER PEOPLE MORE LIKELY TO VOTE FOR?
CONSERVATIVE
1. MORE SKEPTICAL OF SOCIAL CHANGE
2. SUPPORT POLICIES THAT PROTECT ACCUMULATED WEALTH AND MATERIAL INTERESTS
3. PRIORITISE ECONOMIC STABILITY AND TRADITIONAL VALUES
WHO R YOUNGER PEOPLE MORE LIKELY TO VOTE FOR?
PROGRESSIVE LEFT LEANING PARTIES
1. HOLD MORE PROGRESSIVE VALUES DUE TO GROWING UP IN A MORE GLOBALISED AND DIVERSE SOCIETY
2. PRIORITISE SOCIAL JUSTICE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ETC AS THEY TEND TO BE MORE SOCIALLY EDUCATED
HOW DOES POLITICAL OUTLOOK SHAPE VOTING?
OLDER VOTERS REMEMBER DIFFICULTIES FACE BY LABOUR IN 70S E.G INCENTIVISING THEM TO SUPPORT CONSERVATIVES.
YOUNGER PEOPLE MORE ALIENTATED FROM A POLITICIAL SYSTEM THAT HAS NOT IMPACTED THEIR LIVES.
HOW DOES AGE LINK TO VOTER TURNOUT?
OLDER MORE LIKELY TO VOTE AS THEY HAVE ACQUIRED HABITS AND TEND TO UNDERSTAND IMPACTS OF ELECTION RESULTS MORE DUE TO EXPERIENCE.
WHO DO PEOPLE IN THE NORTH OF ENGLAND AND WALES TEND TO VOTE FOR?
LABOUR
WORKING CLASS LINKS DUE TO INDUSTRIAL/UBRAN HERITAGE
WHO DO PEOPLE IN THE SOUTH OF ENGLAND WITH EXCEPTIONS TO LONDON TEND TO VOTE FOR?
CONSERVATIVE
RURAL AREAS AND SUBURBS WITH HIGHEST LEVEKLS OF EMPLOYMENT AND HOME OWNERSHIP - REFLECTS AFFLUENCE
WHO DO PEOPLE IN SCOTLAND TEND TO VOTE FOR?
SNP- DUE TO ITS ADVOCACY FOR SCOTTISH INDEPENDENCE
WHO DO PEOPLE IN WALES TEND TO VOTE FOR?
LABOUR DUE THEIR INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE
WHAT IS THE RED WALL?
WALL OF LABOUR SAFE SEATS ACROSSS THE NORTH OF ENGLAND WHICH THE TORIES BROKE IN 2019 DUE TO DISLIKE OF CORBYN AND LABOUR’S AMBIGUOUS BREXIT STANCE.
SOME OF THESE CONSTITUENCIES HAD NEVER VOTED CONSERVATIVE B4 2019 E.G
WHO R ETHICAL MINORITIES MORE LIKELY TO VOTE FOR?
LABOUR
PROMOTION OF A MULTI CULTURAL AND ANTI DISCRIMINATION AGENDA. LABOUR’S WORKING CLASS ROOTS ALIGN WITH THE ECONOMIC CHALLENGES FACED BY MANY ETHNIC MINOROTIES AND STRICT TORY IMMIGRATION POLICIES HAVE ALIENATED SOME ETHNIC MINORITES.
WHY ARE ASIANS MORE LIKELY TO SUPPORT THE CONSERVATIVES THAN AFRICANS?
ASIANS RESPOND IN PARTICULAR TO THE PARTY’S EMPHASIS ON SMALL BUSINESS VALUES.
WHY DID MANY ETHNIC MINORITIES VOTE FOR INDEPENDENT PARTIES IN THE 2024 ELECTION?
