Lubrication System

Question 1

List Five main functions of the Lubrication System

Answer 1

1. Reduces friction and wear between moving parts.
2. Transfers heat away from engine parts.
3. Cleans the inside of the engine.
4. Cuts power loss and increases fuel economy.
5. Absorbs shock between moving parts.

Question 2

List Five main components of the Lubrication System.

Answer 2

1. Engine Oil, 2. Oil Pan, 3. Pressure Relief Valve, 4. Oil Filter, 5. Oil Galleries.

Question 3

Explain briefly the operation of the engine’s lubrication system in 5 steps.

Answer 3

1. The oil pump pulls oil of the pan.
2. The pickup screen removes particles.
3. The oil pump then pushes the oil through the oil filter and galleries.
4. The oil filter removes small particles from the oil.
5. The filtered oil flows to the engine parts.

Question 4

What is the main purpose of the engine oil?

Answer 4

To keep moving parts from making direct contact with each other and reducing friction between them.

Question 5

What is oil viscosity?

Answer 5

The thickness of the engine oil

Question 6

What oil grades are more common in Jamaica?

Answer 6

1. 10W30, 2. 10W40, 3. 20W50.

Question 7

Differentiate between pressure fed oiling and splash oiling.

Answer 7

In pressure fed oiling, oil is taken up and distributed on the crankshaft bearing and camshaft bearings by pressure generated by the oil pump. Splash oiling sprays oil on moving parts with moderate load such as piston rings and cylinders.

Question 8

Explain full flow lubrication.

Answer 8

Full flow lubrication is where the oil pumping system forces all the oil through the oil filter before it reaches and is distributed in the engine.

Question 9

How does the oil pump work?

Answer 9

1. The oil pump forces oil out of the pan, through the oil filter and galleries and the engine bearings by creating and using low and high pressure areas to create a vacuum, suction force or negative pressure, which sucks up oil from the oil pan. It can be shaft, belt, gear or crankshaft driven.

Question 10

Where is the oil stored?

Answer 10

The oil is stored on the oil pan or sump.

Question 11

Why is the oil filter so important?

Answer 11

The oil filter removes small metal particles, carbon rust and dirt from oil, which can all seriously harm the engine and cause severe damage to its components.

Question 12

What is the purpose of the Pressure Relief Valve?

Answer 12

It controls and limits the maximum oil pressure in the oil pump.

Question 13

What is the Positive Crankshaft Ventilation System?

Answer 13

It is a system that draws fumes out of the engine crankcase, burns fumes in the engine and prevents engine sludging.

Question 14

What are the two types of oil filters?

Answer 14

1. Spin - on filter, 2. Cartridge oil filter

Question 15

What is the main symptom of a failed oil pump?

Answer 15

Improper oil circulation, distribution and lubrication in the engine.