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gross anatomy > lumbar and sacral plexuses > Flashcards

lumbar and sacral plexuses Flashcards

1
Q

Which spinal nerves form the lumbar plexus?

A

L1-L4 (sometimes T12)

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2
Q

The lumbar plexus is embedded in which muscle?

A

Psoas major

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3
Q

What are the nerve fibers that connect the lumbar and sacral plexuses called?

A

The lumbosacral trunk

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4
Q

The lumbosacral trunk is formed from which spinal nerves?

A

L4 and L5

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5
Q

Which spinal nerve is common to both the lumbar and sacral plexuses?

A

L4

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6
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the iliohypogastric nerve?

A

L1 (sometimes T12)

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7
Q

Is the iliohypogastric nerve formed from the anterior or posterior division?

A

Anterior

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8
Q

Motor supply of the iliohypogastric nerve?

A

Internal onlique and transverse abdominis

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9
Q

Cutaneous supply of the iliohypogastric nerve?

A

Proximal lateral aspect of the buttocks.

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10
Q

Segmental innervation of the ilioinguinal nerve?

A

L1

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11
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Anterior

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12
Q

What structures are supplied by the ilioinguinal nerve?

A

Skin of the proximal medial aspect of the thigh.

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13
Q

Segmental innervation of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

L2 and L3

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14
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Posterior

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15
Q

Structures supplied by the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

Lateral aspect of the thigh

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16
Q

What is the term for compression neuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

Meralgia paresthesia

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17
Q

Causes of meralgia paresthesia?

A

Obesity, tight pants, and excessive flexion of the hip joint.

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18
Q

Segmental innervation of the genitofemoral nerve?

A

L1 and L2

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19
Q

Genitofemoral nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Anterior

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20
Q

Structures supplied by the genitofemoral nerve?

A

Cremaster muscle, skin over genitalia, and a small area inferior to the inguinal ligament

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21
Q

Segmental innervation of the femoral nerve?

A

L2-4

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22
Q

Femoral nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Posterior

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23
Q

Structures supplied by the femoral nerve?

A

Motor: iliacus, psoas major, sartorial, quadriceps, pectinius
Cutaneous: medial and intermediate aspect of the anterior thigh and the medial aspect of the leg and foot
Articular: hip and knee

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24
Q

What is the name of the cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve and what areas does it supply?

A

The saphenous nerve, the medial aspect of the leg and foot.

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25
Q

How should you test for femoral nerve damage?

A

Test flexion at the hip and extension at the leg

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26
Q

Where might the saphenous nerve be compressed?

A

Within the adductor canal or as it exits.

27
Q

What are symptoms of entrapment neuropathy of the saphenous nerve?

A

Knee pain and paresthesia

28
Q

Segmental innervation of the obturator nerve?

A

L2-4

29
Q

Obturator nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Anterior

30
Q

Structures supplied by the obturator nerve?

A

Motor: pectineus, adductor magnus, longus and brevis, gracilis, and obturator exturnus
Cutaneous: med aspect of the thigh
Articular: hip and knee

31
Q

Segmental innervation of the accessory obturator nerve?

A

L3-4

32
Q

Structures supplied by the accessory obturator nerve?

A

Pectinius and hip joint

33
Q

What percentage of the population has an accessory obturator nerve?

A

20%

34
Q

How might damage to the obturator nerve occur?

A

Chilbirth or anterior dislocation of the hip joint

35
Q

How might damage to the obturator nerve be tested?

A

Adduction of the femur against resistance

36
Q

Which spinal nerves form the sacral plexus?

A

L4-S4 (L4 and L5 through the lumbosacral trunk)

37
Q

Segmental innervation of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

S1-3

38
Q

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Both

39
Q

Structures supplied by the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?

A

Distal part of the buttocks, posterior thigh, and popliteal fossa

40
Q

Segmental innervation of the superior gluteal nerve?

A

L4-S1

41
Q

Superior gluteal nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Posterior

42
Q

Structures supplied by the superior gluteal nerve?

A

Gluteus medius and minimus, and tensor fascia lata

43
Q

Segmental innervation of the inferior gluteal nerve?

A

L5-S2

44
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Posterior

45
Q

Structures supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve?

A

Gluteus maximus

46
Q

Segmental innervation of the pudendal nerve?

A

S2-4

47
Q

Pudendal nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Anterior

48
Q

Segmental innervation of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

49
Q

Structures supplied by the sciatic nerve?

A

Adductor magnus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

50
Q

What are the names of the two branches of the sciatic nerve?

A

The tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve

51
Q

Tibial nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Anterior

52
Q

Structures supplied by the tibial nerve?

A

Muscles and most of the skin of the posterior leg and plantar surface of the foot.

53
Q

Common fibular nerve: anterior or posterior division?

A

Posterior

54
Q

Structures supplied by the common fibular nerve?

A

Muscles and skin of the anterior leg, lateral leg, and dorsum of the foot

55
Q

What are the names of the two branches of the common fibular nerve?

A

Deep fibular nerve, and superficial fibular nerve

56
Q

What are possible causes of sciatica?

A

Compression, inflammation, or subluxation of L4-S3, compression in the gluteal area, or intrapelvic tumor.

57
Q

Dermatome of L1

A

Proximal anterior thigh

58
Q

Dermatome of L2

A

Middle anterior thigh

59
Q

Dermatome of L3

A

Distal anterior thigh, posterior medial leg

60
Q

Dermatome of L4

A

Distal lateral thigh, medial leg and foot, digit one

61
Q

Dermatome of L5

A

Lateral leg; digits two, three, and four

62
Q

Dermatome of S1

A

Posterior lateral thigh and leg, lateral foot, digit 5

63
Q

Dermatome of S2

A

Medial posterior thigh and leg

64
Q

Dermatome of S3

A

Perineum

gross anatomy (8 decks)

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