Lumbar Part 4

Question 1

Anterior sacroiliac and Iliolumbar

Answer 1

Stabilize the anterior aspect of the SI joint

Question 2

Iliolumbar attaches to ______ and ______

Answer 2

transverse process and helps to stabilize L4,5,S1

Question 3

Interosseous (strongest SI ligament)

Answer 3

Rigidly binds sacrum with the ilium
Attach between sacrum and ilium

Question 4

Short and long posterior sacroiliac

Answer 4

Stabilize the posterior aspect of the SI joint

Question 5

Sacrotuberous

Answer 5

Distal attachment blends with the biceps femoris tendon
Attaches between sacrum and ischial tuberosity

Question 6

Sacrospinous

Answer 6

Deep to the sacrotuberous ligament

Question 7

When does SI movement increase in females? Why?

Answer 7

pregnancy due to ligaments relaxing

Question 8

SI problems more likely during pregnancy or postpartum due to

Answer 8

relaxin

Question 9

Nutation (“to nod forward”)

Answer 9

Anterior sacral-on-iliac rotation,

posterior iliac-on-sacral rotation, or

both motions performed simultaneously

Question 10

Counternutation

Answer 10

Posterior sacral-on-iliac rotation,

anterior iliac-on-sacral rotation,

or both motions performed simultaneously

Question 11

A stress relief mechanism within the pelvic ring, important during

Answer 11

walking, running, and childbirth

Question 12

Nutation at the SI joints increases

Answer 12

compression and shear forces between joint surfaces which increases stability

Question 13

Close-pack position of SI Joints:

Answer 13

full nutation

Question 14

Nutation torque is produced by

Answer 14

gravity, passive tension of ligaments, and muscle activation

Question 15

muscles that help stabilize the SI joint

Answer 15

Erector spinae and lumbar Multifidus

Diaphragm and pelvic floor muscles

Abdominal muscles

Hip extensors

Lat

Iliacus

Piriformis

Question 16

Muscular Stabilization of SI Joint Generate active compressive forces against

Answer 16

articular surfaces

Question 17

Muscular Stabilization of SI Joint
increase magnitude of

Answer 17

nutation torque

Question 18

Pulling/tensing connective tissues that directly or indirectly reinforce the

Answer 18

joints

Question 19

This force (weight of the body) tends to push sacrum inferiorly away from the

Answer 19

ilia (nutation)

Question 20

Counter force upward from the legs through the pelvis pushes ilia into

Answer 20

sacrum

Question 21

main stabilizers of the sacrum

Answer 21

SI, sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

Question 22

• Symphysis Pubis is a Cartilaginous joint located between the two ends of the

Answer 22

pubic bones

Question 23

Symphysis Pubis
Fibrocartilaginous disk joins the ends of the

Answer 23

hyaline cartilage-covered bones

Question 24

Symphysis Pubis Stabilized by

Answer 24

superior and inferior pubic ligaments and the posterior ligament

Question 25

Anterior aspect of symphysis pubis is reinforced by aponeurotic exapansions of several muscles

Answer 25

rectus abdominus transverse abdominus adductor longus

Question 26

Pubic Symphysis Joint Provides stress relief throughout the ring of the pelvis during

Answer 26

walking, pregnancy, and childbirth

Question 27

Pubic Symphysis Joint Can be unstable and painful after

Answer 27

pregnancy

Question 28

Agonists

Answer 28

- Concentric contraction - Isometric contraction – stabilization

Question 29

Antagonists

Answer 29

- Relaxed - Eccentric contraction

Question 30

Trunk Muscle Stabilizers Establishes a firm base for muscles to

Answer 30

move the limbs

Question 31

Intrinsic trunk muscle stabilizers:

Answer 31

Transversospinal group (semispinalis muscles, multifidi, and rotatores) Interspinalis muscles Intertransversarius muscles

Question 32

Extrinsic trunk muscle stabilizers:

Answer 32

Abdominals Erector spinae Quadratus lumborum Psoas major Hip muscles that connect lumbopelvic region with the lower extremities

Question 33

Trunk flexion phase: ends when

Answer 33

scapulae raised off mat

Question 34

Performing sit-up in hip-flexed position assists the abdominals in keeping the pelvis

Answer 34

posteriorly tilted during the sit-up

Question 35

Hip flexion phase: follows trunk flexion phase: an additional 70 to 90 degrees of

Answer 35

lumbar and hip flexion

Question 36

Hip flexion phase of situp Stronger active contraction of the

Answer 36

hip flexors, particularly iliacus and rectus femoris

Question 37

hip flexion phase More external and internal oblique activity than

Answer 37

rectus abdominis

Question 38

hip flexion phase creates more pressure on

Answer 38

lumbar discs