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Axial Anatomy > Lumbar Spine > Flashcards

Lumbar Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Has the lumbar spine got or lordosis or kyphosis?

A

Lordosis

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2
Q

How many vertebrae make up the lumbar spine?

A

5

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3
Q

What shape is the spinous process?

A

Horizontal projection
Broad
Thick posterior border

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4
Q

What shape are the transverse processes?

A

Thin
Short
Projects laterally and backwards

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5
Q

Which way of the articular processes project?

A

They project vertically

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6
Q

What process is on the articular processes?

A

Mamillary

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7
Q

What does the anterior longitudinal ligament limit?

A

Limits spinal extension

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8
Q

What does the posterior longitudinal ligament limit?

A

Spinal Flexion

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9
Q

What does ligamentum flavum limit?

A

Spinal flexion

Rotation

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10
Q

What does the supraspinous ligament limit?

A

Flexion

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11
Q

What does the interspinous ligament limit?

A

Limits hyperflexion

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12
Q

What joints are in the lumbar spine?

A

Intertransverse joint

Facet joint

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13
Q

What are the movements available at the spine?

A

Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Lateral flexion

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14
Q

How many degrees of Flexion are available at the lumbar spine?

A

50-60 degrees

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15
Q

How many degrees of extension is available?

A

30 degrees

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16
Q

How many degrees of side Flexion are available?

A

25 degrees

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17
Q

How many degrees of rotation are available at the lumbar spine?

A

8-12 degrees

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18
Q

What are the accessory movements for the lumbar spine?

A

P-A spinous process

P-A transverse process

19
Q

What type of joint is the inter-transverse joint?

A

Symphysis joint

20
Q

What type of joint is the facet joints?

A

Synovial joint

21
Q

What is the fascia called in the lumbar spine?

A

Thoracolumbar fascia

22
Q

Where is the posterior layer of the Thoracolumbar fascia located?

A

Superficial to Errector Spinae and attached to spinous processes

23
Q

Where is the middle layer of the Thoracolumbar fascia located?

A

Between Errector Spinae and Quadratus Lumborum, attached to transverse tips

24
Q

Where is the anterior layer of the Thoracolumbar fascia located?

A

Deep to Quadratus Lumborum and attached to anterior of transverse processes

25
Q

What are the lumbar spine flexors?

A

External obliques
Internal obliques
Rectus Abdominis

26
Q

Where do the external obliques originate?

A

Outer surface of ribs 5-12 and their costal cartilages

27
Q

Where do the external obliques insert?

A

Linea alba via rectus sheath
Inguinal ligament
Anterior 2/3 iliac crest

28
Q

What are the actions of the external obliques?

A

Flexion
Lateral Flexion
Rotation (contralateral)

29
Q

What are the origins of the internal obliques?

A

Lateral 2/3 inguinal ligament
Anterior 2/3 iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia

30
Q

What are the insertions of the internal obliques?

A

10-12th ribs
Linea alba
Pectin pubis

31
Q

What are the actions of the internal obliques?

A

Flexion
Lateral Flexion
Rotation (ipsilateral)

32
Q

What are the origins of the Rectus Abdominis?

A

Xiphoid process

5-7th costal cartilages

33
Q

What are the insertions of the Rectus Abdominis?

A

Pubic symphysis

Pubic crest

34
Q

What are the actions of the Rectus Abdominis?

A

Flexion
Lateral Flexion (ipsilateral)
Rotation (contralateral)

35
Q

What muscles produce extension?

A

Errector Spinae

Quadratus Lumborum

36
Q

What are the three sections of Errector Spinae?

A

Longissimus
Spinalis
Iliocostalis

37
Q

What are the attachments for Quadratus Lumborum?

A

Lower border of rib 12
Transverse lumbar vertebrae
Iliac crest
Iliolumbar ligament

38
Q

What laterally flexed the lumbar spine?

A

External obliques
Internal obliques
Rectus Abdominis (ipsilateral)
Quadratus Lumborum

39
Q

What rotates the lumbar spine?

A 
External obliques (contralateral)
Internal obliques (ipsilateral)
Rectus Abdominis (contralateral)
40
Q

What are the stabilisers of the lumbar spine?

A 
Transversus Abdominis 
Multifidus 
Rotatores 
Interspinalis 
Intertranversaii
41
Q

What are the origins of transversus Abdominis?

A

Internal surface of 7-12th costal cartilages
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest

42
Q

What are the insertions of transversus Abdominis?

A

Linea alba via rectus sheath

Pectin pubis

43
Q

What is the function of transversus Abdominis?

A

Stabiliser

Axial Anatomy (3 decks)

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