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Kinesiology 2 > Lumbopelvic > Flashcards

Lumbopelvic Flashcards

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1
Q

spondylosis

A

age related degeneration

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2
Q

spondylolysis

A

defect in the pars interarticularis of the vertebra

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3
Q

spondylolithesis

A

forward displacement of one vertebra on another

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4
Q

retrolisthesis

A

backward displacement of one vertebra on another

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5
Q

peripheralization

A

pain is being referred distally toward or into a limb

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6
Q

centrilization

A

pain is moving toward the spine or source

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7
Q

mechanical low back pain

A

general term for back pain that does not refer distally

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8
Q

L1-5 oriented in…

A

25 degrees from sagittal plane

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9
Q

L1-5 have most motion in? least?

A

most motion in sagittal plane and resists rotation

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10
Q

where does the most rotation occur in the lumbar spine?

A

L5-S1

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11
Q

what is most likely to happen at the transitional zone of the spine

A

increased likelihood of mechanical instability

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12
Q

sacral orientation

A

post to ant, inclined ant/inf 40 degrees

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13
Q

L5-S1 shear forces resisted by…

A

disc, ZAJ, ZAJ capsule, ALL, iliolumbar ligaments

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14
Q

lumbar lordosis

A

40-50 degrees, result of disc orientation

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15
Q

main job of lumbar discs

A

resist compression and tension

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16
Q

radial expansion

A

dissipation of forces by the disc in a circumferential fashion

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17
Q

what motion puts a lot of stress on the discs

A

combined flexion and rotation/twisting

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18
Q

ALL

A

thick ligament that resists anterior migration of the disc and resist lumbar extension

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19
Q

PLL

A

resists posterior migration of the disc centrally but provides little support in lateral recess

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20
Q

how many degrees of lumbar flexion

A

45-55 degrees

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21
Q

in lumbar flexion, how does the disk move

A

moves nucleus posterior
annulus bulges anterior

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22
Q

how much does the foramen open during lumbar flexion

A

up to 19% increase

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23
Q

intradiscal pressure laying down

A

25 kg

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24
Q

intradiscal pressure side lying

A

75 kg

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25
intradiscal pressure standing
100 kg
26
intradiscal pressure standing leaning forward
150 kg
27
intradiscal pressure bending over to pick something up
220 kg
28
intradiscal pressure sitting in a chair
140 kg
29
intradiscal pressure sitting and bending over
185 kg
30
intradiscal pressure sitting and picking something up from the ground
275 kg
31
extreme flexion stresses...
ZAJ but compressive load shifts from ZAJ to disc
32
lumbar extension
15-25 degrees
33
what does the pelvis do in lumbar extension
anterior pelvic tilt
34
what happens to the foramen in with lumbar extension
11% decrease
35
what does the disc do in extension
nucleus moves anterior annulus bulges posterior
36
what part of the lumbar spine has most pain in sagittal plane movements
disc
37
lumbar sidebending
20 degrees to each side
38
sidebending R causes the disc...
nucleus moves L annulus bulges R
39
what happens to the disc when side bending to the right
nucleus moves L annulus bulges R
40
lumbar rotation
5-7 degrees each way
41
what causes the most pain in the facet joints
3D motions
42
type 1 classification for spondylolisthesis
dysplastic/congenital translation is secondary to an abnormal neural arch
43
Fryette's law type 2
ipsilateral coupling- sidebending and rotation occur in the same direction, occurs while in flexion
44
Fyette's Laws type 1
contralateral coupling- sidebending and rotation occur in opposite directions, likely occurs in extension and neutral lordosis
45
type 2 classification for spondylolisthesis
isthmic: translation is secondary to a lesion involving the pars articularis
46
type 3 classification for spondylolisthesis
degenerative- result of chronic instability and intersegmental degenerative changes
47
type 4 classification for spondylolisthesis
post-traumatic: fracture in a region other than the pars leading to slippage
48
type 5 classification for spondylolisthesis
pathological: diffuse or local disease compromising the usual structural integrity that prevents slippage
49
type 6 classification for spondylolisthesis
iatrogenic: relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment
50
lumbopelvic degrees of flexion to touch toes
45 deg lumbar flexion 60 deg hip flexion
51
1st 25% of motion into touching your toes
more lumbar flexion eccentric load of lumbar extensors
52
last 25% of motion into touching your toes
more hip flexion eccentric load of hip extensors
53
lumbarization
movement between S1-2, almost like an extra lumbar vertebra
54
sacralization
fusion of L5-S1, one less lumbar vertebrae
55
iliosacral motion
movement of ilium on fixed sacrum
56
sacroiliac motion
movement of sacrum on fixed ilium
57
iliosacral inflare and outflare
ASIS moves medial or lateral
58
multifidi and rotatores function
bilateral contraction- extend spine unilateral contraction- ipsi sidebend and contra rotate
59
external obliques
orientate diagonally, sticking hand in pocket contralateral rotation
60
internal obliques
orientated opposite like crossing arms attaches to thoracolumbar fascia stabilizer ipsi rotation
61
transverse abdominis
corset muscles attaches to thoracolumbar fascia
62
drawing in maneuver
involves volitional transverse abdominis contraction intended to pull the umbilicus toward the spine
63
abdominal bracing maneuver
involves concurrent muscle contraction around the entire trunk
64
what are facet joints
synovial joints with capsule around each facet pair
65
how much compressive load goes through the facet joints of the lumbar spine
20%, more in degenerated spine
66
what is the main job of the facet joints
guide osteokinematics
67
nucleus pulposus
hydrophilic resist compressive forces
68
annulus fibrosis
resist tension forces
69
what is the best diagnosis for a disc herniation?
extrusion or sequestration due to potential for resorption by microphages
70
ligamentum flavum
resists flexion
71
type 2, subtype A
lytic secondary to stress fracture, in most cases attributed to repeated extension and/or twisting motions
72
type 2, subtype b
elongated pars result of multiple injury/healing events leading to elongation of the pars
73
type 2, subtype c
acute pars fracture secondary to a single event and is rare
74
anterior rotation in the leg length test would look like...
supine long and sitting short
75
posterior rotation in the leg length test would look like...
supine short and sitting long
76
nutation
rotating sacrum and iliac closer together full nutation
77
countermutation
rotating sacrum and iliac farther apart

Kinesiology 2 (6 decks)

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