Lung Cancer

Question 1

What are the different methods of lung biopsy?

Answer 1

Central primary lesion:
Flexible bronchoscopy

Paratracheal/Peri-bronchial/Intra-parenchymal:
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration

Peripheral primary:
CT guided biopsy

Question 2

What can differentiate between malignant and pre-malignant tumors?

Answer 2

Dysplasia
Invasion of basement membrane
Mitotic index
Nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio

Question 3

What collateral damage can occur to the lungs as a result of radiotherapy?

Answer 3

Pleurisy

Fibrosis

Question 4

What causes a monophonic wheeze?

Answer 4

Tumour

Question 5

What might cause a polyphonic wheeze?

Answer 5

Asthma