Lung Cancers Flashcards
2 main groups of Lung Cancers
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma - associated w Smoking
- express a variety of neuroendocrine markers, and may lead to ectopic production of hormones like ADH and ACTH that may result in paraneoplastic syndromes and Cushing’s syndrome
- In SCLC, the cells contain dense neurosecretory granules (vesicles containing neuroendocrine hormones), which give this tumor an endocrine or paraneoplastic syndrome association.
Non-SCLC
- SCC - associated w smoking
- AC - 40%
note spread may go into pleura cavity
Paraneoplastic Syndrome of the lung
Syndrome specifically due to the production of chemical signaling molecules (such as hormones or cytokines) by tumor cells and not due to Mass Effect of the tumor itself
- for lung endocrine PNS usually in SCLS: SIADH, ACTH (Cortisol), PTH
What’s epithelium of pleura
Pleura cancers?
Mesothelium - Simple Squamous
- can have mesothelioma but Mets cancer more common
Gimme NPC types and cause
Non-keratinizing SCC (EBV associated) Keratinizing SCC (smoking, alcohol, maybe HPV)
Key inflammatory cell in abscess
Neutrophils
- TB is lymphocytes tho
Gimme Small Blue Round Cell tumors
small round cells that stain blue
- SCLC
- Ewing’s Sarcoma, swelling, bone mass
- Hepatoblastoma - high AFP
- Wilms’ Tumor - blastema component
Bronchopneumonia vs Lobar pneumonia causes
CAP vs HAP causes
Bronchopneumonia - bed bound - HOP - gram neg
- GNR: E. Coli, Pseudomona, Klebsiella
Lobar Pneumonia: Strep Pneumonia, Klebisella also can
CAP (more G+): strep pneumonia, H. Influenzae (GNR), MTB
Classical feature of bronchiectasis and Cx and Causes
Cough and daily sputum for months, years
- Note while fibrosis leads to narrowing, chronic leads to dilation
Cx: lung abscess, brain abscess, Sepsis, Cor Pulmonale; can rupture and pneumothorax
Causes: Mafan, Cancer, anything limiting drainage leading to repeated and persistent infections
