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Pulmonology > Lung neoplasms - 1 > Flashcards

Lung neoplasms - 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Rhonchi

A

Smoke inhalation

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2
Q

Lymph nodes to obtain FNA for lung cancer dx

A

Supraclavicular or cervical

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3
Q

TOC for bronchial carcinoid

A

Surgerical excision

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4
Q

Bibasilar crackles

A

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

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5
Q

Lung cancer CT and MRI helpful in

A

Diagnosis and staging (and PET for staging)

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6
Q

Lung cancer definitive dx

A

Tissue or cytology - Sputum, pleaural fluid, FNA aspirate of palpable lymph node, direct bx via bronchoscopy

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7
Q

Widening mediastinal

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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8
Q

Lung cancer screening high risk patients

A

Yearly 55-80 with 30ppy hx - dc if not smoked for 15 years

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9
Q

TXT of mesothelioma

A

Chemotherapy

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10
Q

Mediastional adenopathy

A

Histoplasmosis, coccidioiomycosis,

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11
Q

MC vascular route of metastasis

A

Pulmonary artery

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12
Q

CXR for mesothelioma shows

A

Pleural effusion or pleural thickening

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13
Q

Mesothelioma is

A

primary tumor of surfacing lining of pleura (MC) or peritoneum

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14
Q

Anterior mediastinal masses (5)

A

Lymphoma, Mesenchymal tumors Teratoma Thymoma Thyroid lesion

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15
Q

Characteristics of Adenocarcinoma

A

Peripheral nodules & masses, Arises from mucus glands

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16
Q

Metastatic lung cancer CXR findings

A

Spherical with sharp margins <5cm bilateral MC in lower lung fields

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17
Q

Most important risk factor of lung cancer

A

Smoking

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18
Q

Can you treat SCLC with resection

A

NO

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19
Q

Characteristics of Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Most likely to present with hemoptysis, Intraluminal sessile or polypoid masses, arises from bronchial epithelium (MC) - 2nd/3rd bronchus

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20
Q

4 types of NSCLC

A

Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Large cell carcinoma
Bronchioalveolar cell carcinoma

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21
Q

Inspiratory Crackles

A

Asbestosis

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22
Q

Velcro rales

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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23
Q

TOC for SCLC

A

Chemo and radiation (palliative rather than curative)

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24
Q

Clubbing

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Abestosis

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25
Solitary pulmonary nodule benign features
<30yo, smooth, well defined borders, dense or diffuse calcification, small size on RPT imaging
26
MC NSCLC (primary)
Adenocarcinoma
27
Crackles at bases
Acute Gastric acid aspiration
28
Another name for Bronchioalveolar cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma in situ
29
Bibasilar inspiratory crackles
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
30
Pancoast syndrome misdx
Cervical OA or bursitis
31
Another name for solitary pulmonary nodule
Coin lesion
32
Large cell carcinoma characteristics
Aggressive, rapid doubling, group of undifferentiated cells, central or peripheral (MC) mass
33
Bronchial carcinoid S/S
Hemoptysis, cough, wheezing, recurrent pneumonia
34
Solitary pulmonary nodule imagine features of malig
Eccentric calcification, thick wall cavitation, spiculated, corona radiata margins
35
Solitary Pulm nodule def
<3cm isolated rounded opacity outlined by normal lung tissue
36
Wheezing
Smoke inhalation Acute Gastric acid aspiration PE
37
Pancoast syndrome
Lung tumor of the superior sulcus at extreme apex of lung
38
MC SCLC paraneoplastic syndrome
SIADH
39
Recurrent laryngeal Nerve palsy is
Tumor destruction of recurrent laryngeal nerve and New onset hoarseness
40
SCLC pathogenesis
Begins centrallty and infilitrates submucosally which narrows/obstructs bronchus with out a luminal MASS
41
Reducing lung cancer burden lung term
Preventive is better than screening
42
Abrupt Severe hyponatremia
Cerebral edema, irritability, confusion, sezuires, coma
43
MC NSCLC paraneoplastic syndrome
Hypercalcemia
44
SIADH MOA
Too much ADH causes water retention and causes hyponatremia - <120 and concentrated urine >300 mol
45
Superior vena cava obstruction MOA
Tumor causes venous obstruction of head, neck, UE
46
S/S of SVC obstruction
Dyspnea, facial swelling, congestion, cough, arm swelling, chest pain
47
NSCLC over all charcteristics
Slow spread, can resection early DZ, responds to chemo poorly
48
Who does adenocarcinoma effect most
Women and non-smokers
49
SCLC CXR
MC hilar mass with bulky mediastinal adenopathy
50
TXT for NSCLC stage III and IV
Chemo and radiation
51
Another name for SCLC
Oat cell
52
Who does bronchial carcinoid effect
<60 yo
53
Before lung surgery what test is required?
PFT's for baseline and determining post-op lung fx
54
MC cancer worldwide & leading cause of cancer deaths
Lung cancer
55
Does mesothelioma have a smoking correlation
No
56
Horner syndrome - triad
Ipsilateral miosis, ptosis anhidrosis
57
Horner syndrome MOA
paravertebral sympatheric chain involvement
58
Staging SCLC
Always metastatic at time of ID- either limited (one side of lung and regional nodes) or Extensive (MC) both lungs with distant spread
59
Plain Crackles
PE, ARDS,
60
Other tumor complications (2)
Recurrent laryngeal Nerve palsy and Phrenic nerve palsy
61
Middle mediastinal masses (4)
Aortic Aneurysm Pulm artery enlargment LAP Cyst
62
Staging NSCLC
TNM system - Tumor, Nodal involvement, Metastases
63
Phrenic nerve palsy is
Tumor destruction of phrenic nerve causing hemidiaphragm paralysis (elevation)
64
SCLC charcteristics
Early hematogenous spread, Cant resection, Very aggressive
65
Anhidrosis
Diminished sweating
66
Unilateral adenopathy
Coccidioidomycosis
67
DX mesothelioma
Pleural aspirate or tissue bx
68
TXT of low probability SPN
Observation and serial chest CT's
69
Bilateral Hilar adenopathy
Squamous cell carcinoma, Sarcoidosis, acute pulmonary histoplasmosis
70
Routes of metastatic lung cancer
Direct extenstion Vascular Lymphatics
71
TOC for early NSCLC stage I or II
Surgery
72
TXT of intermiediate probability PSN
PET scan or VATS - Video assisted thoraoscopic surgery
73
Distant spread of lung cancer may cause
HA, N/V, seizures, ALMS
74
Solitary pulmonary nodule MC malignant etiology
Adenocarcinoma
75
SVC syndrome DZ processes
Pancoast syndrome - tumor on right side
76
Carcinoid syndrome -triad
Flushing, wheezing, HOTN
77
Which lung cancer is prone to early hematogenous spread
SCLC
78
Posterior mediastinal masses (5)
Hiatal hernia, neurogenic tumor, meningocele, esophageal tumor, thoracic spine Dz
79
Solitary pulmonary nodule malig features
>30yo, smoker, hx of malig, size at discovery is larger
80
MC primary tumors of metastasis
Malignant melanoma Cervix Colorectal Breast Kidney Also head and neck cancers
81
Local spread of Lung cancer can cause
Obstruction, atelectasis, pneomnia, pleural effusion, SVC syndrome, Horner syndrome
82
Bronchial carcinoid charcteristics
Slow growing (pedunculated or sessile growth)- causes bleeding and airway obstruction, carcinoid synd
83
TXT of high probability SPN
Resection following staging
84
SOC for solitary pulm nodule
Chest CT
85
Late inspiratory crackles
Interstital lung disease
86
Paraneoplastic syndrome
non-lung syndromes produced by lung tumors
87
Bronchial carcinoid def
Malig neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from bronchial mucosa
88
Solitary pulmonary nodule MC benign etiology
Infectious granuloma (fungi or mycobacteria)
89
Incidental DZs found
Solitary pulmonary nodule, mediastinal masses, past histoplasmosis infection,
90
Cavitation DZ processes
Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Solitary Pulmonary nodule, Pulmonary vasculitis (GPA)
91
MC symptom of pancoast syndrome
Shoulder pain - severe pain, invades brachial plexus, ribs, vertebrae, follows ulnar distribution C8 and T1
92
Who gets mesothelioma
Men 3x more w/ after 20-40yr of asbestos expsoure

Pulmonology (1 decks)

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