Lung Volume Flashcards
(17 cards)
Total lung capacity
The total amount of air that can be inhaled after one long deep breathe - with exercise your lungs capacity increases
Vital capacity
Amout of air forced from the lung by maximal exhale
Residual volume
The amount of air that is left in the lungs after maximum exhale
There is always so air left in the lungs
No changes with exercise
Expiratory reserve volume
The amount of air that can be forced out of the lung after a normal bre
Vena cave
Structure
It is a large vein it has a thin muscle wall
There are two vena cave
superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava
It transport deoxygenated blood from the
working muscles into the heart eg the right atrium
The superior vena cava carries blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest
The inferior vena cava carries blood from the legs, feet, and organs in the abdomen and pelvis.
Pulmonary artery
What is the process by which air is transported into and out of the lungs called?
Breathing or pulmonary ventilation
This process involves two phases: inspiration and expiration.
What are the two phases of breathing?
- Inspiration (breathing in)
- Expiration (breathing out)
Each phase involves different muscle actions and changes in thoracic cavity size.
What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?
The diaphragm contracts and flattens
This contraction increases the thoracic cavity’s size and decreases internal pressure.
What role do external intercostal muscles play during inspiration?
They raise the ribs upwards and outwards
This action further increases the size of the thoracic cavity.
What causes air to enter the lungs?
The decrease in pressure inside the lungs compared to the outside
This pressure difference is created by the expansion of the thoracic cavity.
What occurs during expiration?
The diaphragm relaxes and internal intercostal muscles contract
This action decreases the thoracic cavity’s size and increases internal pressure.
What happens to the ribs during expiration?
The internal intercostal muscles lower the ribs downwards and inwards
This action contributes to the decrease in the thoracic cavity’s size.
What causes air to leave the lungs?
The increase in pressure inside the lungs compared to the outside
This pressure difference forces air out of the lungs.
Fill in the blank: The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles ________ during inspiration.
contract
This contraction is essential for increasing the thoracic cavity’s volume.
True or False: The diaphragm relaxes during inspiration.
False
The diaphragm contracts during inspiration and relaxes during expiration.
What is the effect of increasing the area of the thoracic cavity?
It reduces the pressure inside the lungs
This reduction in pressure allows air to flow into the lungs.
