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T3 - IPES unit 2 > Lungs > Flashcards

Lungs Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

___: esophageal/lung carcinoma; characterized by coughing up blood

A

hemoptysis

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2
Q

___: vibration; hands on to feel; trying to findout the contents of the lungs

A

fremitus

palpitation

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3
Q

positive findings of fremitus

A

too much

not enough

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4
Q

___: pale in color

A

cyanotic

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5
Q

____: breath in normal; hard to breath out; uses 25% of total energy to breath; suffocating themselves; barrel chested; sounds like kettle drum

A

emphysema

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6
Q

something that sounds like emphysema but only on 1 side

A

pneumothorax

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7
Q

___: collapsed lung

A

atelectasis

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8
Q

____: air between visceral and parietal layers

A

pneumothorax

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9
Q

positive finds of chest excursion

A

asymmetry

- 1 or both sides dont expand that well

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10
Q

indications of chest excursion

A

chronic fibrosis of underlying lung/pleura
pleural effusion
lobar pneumonia
unilateral bronchial obstruction

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11
Q

during chest excursion if neither thumb expands… indicative of…

A

emphysema
asthma
entire T/S fused - ankylosing spondylitis

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12
Q

positive findings of chest expansion

A

less than 2” expansion in male

less than 1” expansion in females

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13
Q

indications of chest expansion

A

ankylosing spondylitis

lung pathology

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14
Q

mucous in the lungs indicative of

A

bronchiectasis

bronchial blocking

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15
Q

clubbing of the fingers indicative of ___ or ___ disease

A

lung

heart

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16
Q

clubbing of the fingers:

- ___+ degrees of distal phalange

A

180

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17
Q

___ first identified as clubbing being associated with disease

A

hippocrates

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18
Q

too much fremitis indicative of…

A

pneumonia

infection

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19
Q

atelectasis doesnt usually effect the ___ ___

A

whole lung

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20
Q

____: vibration felt through chest wall during vocalization

A

fremitus

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21
Q

fremitus increases with ___ air volume within the lung

A

decreased

ie. .
- excess fluid
- tumor
- consolidation

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22
Q

fremitus decreases with ___ separation of lungs and pleura

A

increase

  • emphysema
  • pleurisy
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23
Q

indication of increased fremitus

A

consolidation
pneumonia
cancer

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24
Q

indication of decreased fremitus

A

pleural effusion
pneumothorax
emphysema
COPD

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25
other symptoms of pneumonia
increased core temp very sick intense malase
26
pneumothorax affects ___ side
1
27
emphysema affects ___ side
2
28
lungs become dull with ___ of chest wall or underlying lung ____
thickening | consolidation
29
lungs become hyperresonant or tympanic with ___ air within chest cavity
excessive
30
positive findings of lung percussion
dullness | tympany
31
indication of dullness on lung percussion
tumor pneumonia consolidation
32
indication of tympany on lung percussion
emphysema | pneumothorax
33
emphysema: poor ___ ___ and increased __ left in the lung
gas exchange | CO2
34
___: to evaluate for the presence of adventitious sounds
auscultation
35
4 normal breath sounds
vesicular bronchovesicular bronchial tracheal
36
___ breath sounds: soft, low pitched; heart through inspiration; heart over both lungs
vesicular
37
____ breath sounds: heard equally on inspiration and expiration; may be separated by a small interval; intermediate intensity; mostly heart in 1st and 2nd ICS and between scapula
bronchovesicular
38
___ breath sounds; louder, high pitched sound; expiratory sound lasts longer than inspiratory; primarily over manubrium
bronchial
39
___ breath sounds: very loud, relatively high pitched sound; inspiratory and expiratory sounds are equal;
tracheal
40
3 abnormal breath sounds
rales crackles crepitus
41
3 noises heard on auscultation of the lung during inhalation
clicking rattling crackling
42
rale is french for ___
rattle
43
indications of abnormal breath sounds
``` pneumonia atelectasis pulmonary fibrosis acute bronchitis bronchiectasis ```
44
pulmonary edema secondary to ___ sided CHF can also cause rales
left
45
_____ marked by mucous plugs
bronchiectasis
46
_____: abnormal breath sound that is marked by a continuous sound
wheeze
47
___: continuous, coarse, whistling sound produced in the respiratory airways during breathing
wheeze
48
most common cause of wheeze = ___
asthma
49
indications of wheeze
``` COPD pulmonary edema anaphylaxis bronchitis emphysema bronchiectasis ```
50
___: constriction of the bronchioles; bronchodilators; adjust T4
asthma
51
___ ___: SP NS activity increases; vasoconstrictors; bronchoconstriction; PS NS activity decreases
sports asthma
52
___: abnormal breath sounds; coarse rattle; similar to snoring; gurgling sound
rhonchus
53
ronchus caused by ____, ____ secretions in bronchial airways
thick, mucous
54
___: continuous sound; high pitched sound resulting from turbulent gas flow int he upper airway
stridor
55
stridor is indicative of...
serous airway obstruction
56
3 potential causes to stridor
epiglottitis foreign body laryngeal tumor
57
lung auscultation at ___ points
7
58
positive findings of lung auscultation
no sound | adventitious sound present
59
indications of lung ausculation
pneumonia pneumothorax asthma emphysema
60
respiratory ___: history includes complaint of air hunger, fatigue, press-syncope, and/or hunger
distress
61
____: area of lung without appreciable of significant reduction of air space
consolidation
62
consolidation may be coused by ___, ___ or ___
infection tumor fluid
63
consolidation - precussive ___ - increased fremitus if in ___ - decreased fremitus if in ___ ___ - ____ bronchial breath sounds
dullness lung pleural space peripheralized
64
fluid accumulates in the ___ when seated | fluid accumulates ____ when supine
flanks | everywhere
65
___: increased resonance of voice sounds heard when auscultating lungs
egophony
66
potential causes of egophony
infection pleural effusion tumor congestion
67
procedure of egophony
say "e" | hear "a"
68
procedure of bronchophony
say "99" | want hear it muffled
69
indications of bronchophony
pneumonia | tumor
70
indications of whispered pectoriloquy
hear something | - consolidation
71
air trapped in the lungs indicative of _____
COPD
72
positive findings of air trapped in the lungs
hyper-resonant tympanic percussion decreased fremitus
73
2 infections of the lungs
pneumonia | bronchitis
74
infections - ___ respiratory rate - ___ temperature
increased | increased
75
___: tapping
tapotement
76
___: heat
diathermy
77
4 COPD disorders that are associated with smoking and can lead to heart failure
asthma emphysema chronic bronchitis bronchiectasis
78
___ is episodic; due to constriction of smooth muscles in the bronchioles
asthma
79
____ is non-episodic; which is due to internal lung damage
emphysema
80
____: may be transient disorder of childhood; may be inflammatory response to environmental stimuli; episodic; no cure; resolves quickly with inhaled bronchodilators
asthma
81
symptoms with asthma - ___ respiratory distress - ___ expiration - ____ expiratory wheezes
transient prolonged polyphonic
82
___: chronic, progressive lung disease; due to damage to alveoli
emphysema
83
symptoms of emphysema
shortness of breath inability to participate in physical activity advanced: breathing causes exhaustion
84
pink puffer =
persons with emphysema can often be seen exhaling through pursed lips
85
___ ___: inflammation or irritation of airways in the lungs; thick mucus forms making it difficult to get air INTO the lungs
chronic bronchitis
86
symptoms of chronic bronchitis
productive cough difficult inspiration chest tightness cyanosis
87
most common cause of chronic bronchitis
smoking
88
___: abnormal enlargement/stretching of respiratory passages; caused by mucus blockage
bronchiectasis
89
bronchiectasis is marked by ___ ___ ___
tenacious mucus plugs
90
symptoms of bronchiectasis
- coughing aggravated by lying down - shortness of breath - abnormal chest sounds - weakness, weight loss, and fatigue - infections: mucus is discolored, foul smelling or blood - severity varies - patient can be asymptomatic
91
GERD also occurs when lying down, ask location of pain bc it is marked by ___ pain
abdominal
92
____: increase fremitus when palpating; productive cough; usually asymptomatic until very advanced; depends on size and location of tumor
neoplasm
93
neoplasm: very advanced tumors can cause ____
cachexia | - unexplained weight loss and atrophy
94
physical exam findings of neoplasm: - percussive ___ - ___ fremitus over tumor - _____ bronchial breath sounds over tumor - possible ___
percussive dullness increased fremitus over tumor peripheralied bronchial breath sounds over tumor possible wheeze
95
___ tumor: tumor in the apex of lung
pancoast
96
___ ___: narrow band of resonance between the muscles of the neck and structures of the shoulders
kronig's isthmus
97
____ syndrome: enopthalmoses, ptosis, and anhydrosis
horners
98
____: inflammation of the membranes lining the chest cavity
pleurisy/pleuritis
99
pleurisy/pleuritis caused by ____ infection
viral
100
___: little or no chest expansion on affected side; modest increase in respiratory rate and depth; absent or limited breath sounds
hemiparesis of diaphragm

T3 - IPES unit 2 (2 decks)

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