Lungs

Question 1

Prototype of restrictive lung diseases characterized by patchy interstitial fibrosis fibroblastic foci and formation of cystic spaces histologically known as usual interstitial pneumonia.

Answer 1

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Question 2

Disease characterized by reversible bronchoconstriction caused by airway hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli.

Answer 2

Asthma

Question 3

The structural changes in the bronchial wall caused by repeated allergen exposure and immune reactions is referred to as ____.

Answer 3

Airway remodeling

Question 4

Eosinophilic proteins in Charcot-Leyden crystals.

Answer 4

Galectin 10

Question 5

A clinical syndrome of progressive respiratory insufficiency caused by diffuse alveolar damage in the setting of sepsis, severe trauma or diffuse pulmonary infection.

Answer 5

ARDS

Question 6

The defective development of both lungs resulting in decreased weight, volume and acini for body weight and gestational age.

Answer 6

Pulmonary hypoplasia

Question 7

Pulmonary sequestrations that are external to the lung and most commonly come to attention in infants as mass lesions.

Answer 7

Extralobar sequestrations

Question 8

Refers to a discrete area of the lung that lacks any connection to the airway system and has an abnormal blood supply arising from the aorta or its branches.

Answer 8

Pulmonary sequestration

Question 9

Two diseases often clinically grouped under COPD.

Answer 9

Emphysema

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 10

Characterized by irreversible enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole accompanied by destruction of their walls without obvious fibrosis.

Answer 10

Emphysema

Question 11

Clinically defined as persistent cough with sputum production for at least three months in at least two consecutive years in the absence of any other identifiable cause.

Answer 11

Chronic bronchitis

Question 12

Defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than or equal to 25 mm Hg at rest.

Answer 12

Pulmonary Hypertension

Question 13

MC cause of community acquired acute pneumonia.

Answer 13

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 14

Three most common cause of otitis media in children.

Answer 14

S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis

Question 15

MC cause of acute exacerbation of COPD. Second MC cause of acute exacerbation of COPD.

Answer 15

H. influenzae

M. catarrhalis

Question 16

Encompass a group of chronic fibrosing diseases of the lung resulting to exposure of organic and inorganic particles, most common mineral dust.

Answer 16

Pneumoconioses