Lungworms of Ruminants

Question 1

Where can adult nematodes be found in lungworm infection of ruminants?

Answer 1

air passages & lung parenchyma

Question 2

Latin name of large lungworm in ruminants

Answer 2

Dictyocaulus spp.

Question 3

What is the name of small lungworms in ruminants

Answer 3

Protostrongylids

Question 4

What kind of conditions do we see *Dictyocaulosis *infections in cattle

Answer 4

Rainy, damp or wet places of pasture in lowland

Question 4

latin name of Husk Hoose or Verminous or parasitic bronchitis

Answer 4

Dictyocaulosis of cattle

Question 4

Where can Dictyocaulosis be found

Answer 4

lumen of larger bronchi and trachea

Question 5

Which nematode causes Parasitic bronchitis (Husk Hoose) in cattle?

Answer 5

Dictyocaulus viviparus

Question 5

life cycle of Dictyocaulosis

Answer 5

Direct

Question 6

Which nematode causes Parasitic bronchitis (Husk Hoose) in reindeer?

Answer 6

Dictyocaulus eckerti

Question 7

Which nematode causes Parasitic bronchitis (Husk Hoose) in moose/vapiti?

Answer 7

Dictyocaulus capreolus

Question 8

when can an outbreak of Dictyocaulosis be seen?

Answer 8

In calves kept on pastures in the second part of the grazing

Question 9

clinical signs of dictyocaulosis during patent phase

Answer 9

• air hunger postion
• catarrhal-purulent bronchopneumonia

(+ secondary bacterial infection)

Question 10

clinical signs of Dictyocaulosis during Postpatent phase

Answer 10

sawbuck-like position

Question 11

Immunity related to Dictyocaulosis infection in cattle

Answer 11

• Spe Ab can be detected after 3-4 weeks
• Protective immunity for 4-6 months and disappear after a year with no reinfection

Question 12

Diagnosis of Dictyocaulosis of cattle

Answer 12

• L1 from faeces
• Serology from serum or bulk milk

Question 13

causative agent of *Dictyocaulosis * of sheep & goat

Answer 13

Dictyocaulus filaria

Question 14

where can Dictyocaulus filaria be found ?

Answer 14

lumen of bronchi and trachea

Question 15

life cycle of Dictyocaulosis of sheep & goat

Answer 15

Direct

Question 16

Diagnosis of Dictyocaulus fialria

Answer 16

• L1 in Faeces

(Should be distinguished from prostrongylid larva)

Question 17

Infection & epidemiology of Dictyocaulus filaria

Answer 17

Inf : Per Os w/ L3
Epi: Mostly young animals
active L3

Question 18

Causative agent of *Dictyocaulosis * of donkey and horse

Answer 18

Dictyocaulus arnfieldi

Question 19

Occurance of Dictyocaulus arnfieldi

Answer 19

donkeys

Question 20

Predilection site of DIctyocaulus arnfieldi

Answer 20

small Bronchi

Question 21

Life cycle of Dictyocaulus arnfieldi

Answer 21

direct

Question 22

Where can a patent infection be found?

Answer 22

- occurs in foals and yearlings | (horses susceptible up to 6-9 months)

Question 23

Diagnosis of *Dictyocaulus Arnfieldi*

Answer 23

Detection of lavated eggs in faeces

Question 24

Latin name of **Nodular lungworm disease**

Answer 24

*Protostrongylidosis* of sheep and goat

Question 25

Causative agents of *Protostrongylidosis* of sheep and goat

Answer 25

small lungworms | (infection with more than one species is common)

Question 26

Life cycle of Lungworms

Answer 26

Indirect

Question 27

causative agents of **Nodular lungworm disease**found in small bronchi:

Answer 27

*protostrongylus rufescens*

Question 28

causative agents of** Nodular lungworm disease **found in parenchyma

Answer 28

*Cystocaulus ocreatus*

Question 29

Where can Lungworms be found?

Answer 29

- small bronchi - Parenchyma

Question 30

intermediate hosts of *Protostrongylidosis* of sheep and goat

Answer 30

terrestrial snails, slugs

Question 31

Pathogenesis of *Protostrongylidosis* of sheep and goat

Answer 31

- Prevelance increase with age (100%, >3 years) - in small bronchi ==> inflammation of terminal air passage & lobular pneumonia

Question 32

Diagnosis of *Protostrongylidosis* of sheep and goat

Answer 32

detection of L1 from faeces

Question 33

What are Brood Nodules

Answer 33

Necropsy changes of *Protstrongylidosis* | (contains sexually active worms and masses of eggs & larvae) ## Footnote Usually in **diaphragmatic lobe**

Question 34

What are Wormknots?

Answer 34

Necropsy changes of *Protstrongylidosis* | (sexually inactive, viable, adults worms)

Question 35

Necropsy changes of *Protstrongylidosis*

Answer 35

- Brood nodules - Wormknots

Question 36

Treatment of *Protostrongylidosis*

Answer 36

similar to *dictyocaulus* but higher doses because resistant

Question 37

name of thecausative agents of Lungworm disease of pigs

Answer 37

- *Metastrongylus apri* - *M. Pudendotectus* - *M. Salmi* -

Question 38

Predilection site of lungworms in pigs

Answer 38

lumen of bronchi & bronchioli

Question 39

Life cycle of *Metastrongylosis*

Answer 39

Indirect

Question 40

Intermediate host of lung worms of pigs

Answer 40

earthworms

Question 41

epidemiology of lungworm disease of pigs

Answer 41

- prevalent in 4-8months old pigs - higlhy prevalent in wild boars - L3 survive in earthworms up to 4 years

Question 42

Diagnosis of Lungworms of pigs

Answer 42

detection of eggs in faeces

Question 43

necropsy of lungworm diseases of pigs

Answer 43

formation of small, greyish, consolidated nodules | ( occuring in diaphragmatic lobes)