LVN 101 Study Guide

Question 1

cumulative effect

Answer 1

The state at which repeated administration of a drug may produce effects that are more pronounced than those produced by the first dose. Also called cumulative action.

Question 2

synergistic

Answer 2

1. correlated action or cooperation by two or more structures or drugs.
2. in neurology, the faculty by which movements are properly grouped for the performance of acts requiring special adjustments. adj., adj synerget´ic, syner´gic, synergis´tic.

Question 3

fat metabolism

Answer 3

at metabolism - a metabolic process that breaks down ingested fats into fatty acids and glycerol and then into simpler compounds that can be used by cells of the body

Question 4

s/s of gerd

Answer 4

A burning sensation in your chest (heartburn), sometimes spreading to the throat, along with a sour taste in your mouth
Chest pain
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Dry cough
Hoarseness or sore throat
Regurgitation of food or sour liquid (acid reflux)
Sensation of a lump in the throat

Question 5

cystitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the bladder

Question 6

symptoms of cystitis

Answer 6

A strong, persistent urge to urinate
A burning sensation when urinating
Passing frequent, small amounts of urine
Blood in the urine (hematuria)
Passing cloudy or strong-smelling urine
Discomfort in the pelvic area
A feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen
Low-grade fever

Question 7

increase chances of cystitis

Answer 7

The following also increase your chances of developing cystitis:

A tube called a urinary catheter inserted in your bladder
Blockage of the bladder or urethra
Diabetes
Enlarged prostate, narrowed urethra, or anything that blocks the flow of urine
Loss of bowel control (bowel incontinence)
Older age (especially in people who live in nursing homes)
Pregnancy
Problems fully emptying your bladder (urinary retention)
Procedures that involve the urinary tract
Staying still (immobile) for a long period of time (for example, when you are recovering from a hip fracture

Question 8

causes of cystitis

Answer 8

Cystitis is caused by germs, usually bacteria that enter the urethra and then the bladder. These bacteria can lead to infection, most commonly in the bladder. The infection can spread to the kidneys.

Most of the time, your body can get rid of these bacteria when you urinate. However, sometimes the bacteria can stick to the wall of the urethra or bladder, or grow so fast that some bacteria stay in the bladder.

Question 9

s/s of diverticulitis

Answer 9

Pain that's often sudden, severe and located in the lower left side of the abdomen
Less commonly, abdominal pain that may be mild at first and become worse over several days, possibly fluctuating in intensity
Change in bowel habits
Abdominal tenderness
Fever
Nausea and vomiting
Constipation
Diarrhea
Bloating
Bleeding from your rectum (less common)
Causes

Question 10

Hep A 10-20days

Answer 10

a direct contact through or fecal route

Question 11

Hep B -

Answer 11

transmitted through contaminated serum-blood and body fluids

Question 12

Hep C-

Answer 12

transmitted through needle sticks, blood transfusions, drug use and unidentified means

Question 13

Hep d

Answer 13

must come with hep b. takes up to two weeks