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Ch10 > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

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1
Q

appendix

ah-PEN-diks

A

A small, finger-like mass of lymphoid tissue attached to the first part of the large intestine

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2
Q

lymph

Limf

A

The thin, plasma-like fluid that drains from the tissues and is transported in lymphatic vessels (root: lymph/o)

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3
Q

lymph node

A

A small mass of lymphoid tissue along the path of a lymphatic vessel that filters lymph (root: lymphaden/o)

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4
Q

Peyer patches

PI-er

A

Aggregates of lymphoid tissue in the lining of the intestine

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4
Q

lymphatic system

lim-FAT-ik

A

The system that drains fluid and proteins from the tissues and returns them to the bloodstream; this system also participates in immunity and aids in absorption of fats from the digestive tract

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5
Q

right lymphatic duct

A

The lymphatic duct that drains fluid from the body’s upper right side

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6
Q

right lymphatic duct

A

The lymphatic duct that drains fluid from the body’s upper right side

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7
Q

spleen

A

A large reddish-brown organ in the upper left region of the abdomen; it filters blood and destroys old red blood cells (root: splen/o)

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8
Q

thoracic duct

A

The lymphatic duct that drains fluid from the upper left side of the body and all of the lower body; left lymphatic duct

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9
Q

thymus

THI-mus

A

A lymphoid organ in the upper part of the chest beneath the sternum; it functions in immunity (root: thym/o)

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10
Q

tonsil

TON-sil

A

Small mass of lymphoid tissue located in region of the throat (pharynx)

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11
Q

lymphadenitis

lim-fad-eh-NI-tis

A

Inflammation and enlargement of lymph nodes, usually as a result of infection

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12
Q

lymphangitis

lim-fan-JI-tis

A

Inflammation of lymphatic vessels as a result of bacterial infection; appears as painful red streaks under the skin

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13
Q

lymphedema

lim-feh-DE-mah

A

Swelling of tissues with lymph caused by obstruction or excision of lymphatic vessels

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14
Q

lymphoma

lim-FO-mah

A

Any neoplastic disease of lymphoid tissue

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15
Q

apical pulse

AP-ih-kal

A

Pulse felt or heard over the heart’s apex; it is measured in the fifth left intercostal space (between the ribs) about 8 to 9 cm from the midline

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16
Q

compliance

A

The ease with which a structure expands under pressure, as in a blood vessel expanding to receive blood

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16
Q

Korotkoff sounds

ko-ROT-kof

A

Arterial sounds heard with a stethoscope during determination of blood pressure with a cuff

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16
Q

cardiac output

A

The amount of blood pumped from the right or left ventricle per minute

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17
Q

perfusion

per-FU-zhun

A

The passage of fluid, such as blood, through an organ or tissue

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18
Q

precordium

pre-KOR-de-um

A

The anterior region over the heart and the lower part of the thorax; adjective: precordial

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18
Q

pulse pressure

A

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

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19
Q

stroke volume

A

The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle with each beat

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20
Q
A
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20
Valsalva maneuver val-SAL-vah
Bearing down, as in childbirth or defecation, by attempting to exhale forcefully with the nose and throat closed; this action has an effect on the cardiovascular system
21
bruit brwe
An abnormal sound heard in auscultation
21
cardiac tamponade tam-pon-ADE
Pathologic accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac; may result from pericarditis or injury to the heart or great vessels
22
ectopic beat ek-TOP-ik
A heartbeat that originates from some part of the heart other than the SA node
23
extrasystole eks-trah-SIS-to-le
Premature heart contraction that occurs separately from the normal beat and originates from a part of the heart other than the SA node
24
hypotension hi-po-TEN-shun
A condition of lower-than-normal blood pressure
24
flutter
Very rapid (200–300 bpm) but regular contractions, as in the atria or the ventricles
25
intermittent claudication claw-dih-KA-shun
Pain in a muscle during exercise caused by inadequate blood supply; the pain disappears with rest
26
mitral valve prolapse PRO-laps
Movement of the mitral valve cusps into the left atrium when the ventricles contract
27
occlusive vascular disease
Arteriosclerotic disease of the vessels, usually peripheral vessels
28
palpitation pal-pih-TA-shun
A sensation of abnormally rapid or irregular heartbeat
29
pitting edema
Edema that retains the impression of a finger pressed firmly into the skin
30
polyarteritis nodosa no-DO-sah
Potentially fatal collagen disease causing inflammation of small visceral arteries; symptoms depend on the organ affected
31
Raynaud disease ra-NO
A disorder characterized by abnormal constriction of peripheral vessels in the arms and legs on exposure to cold
31
stasis STA-sis
Stoppage of normal flow, as of blood or urine; blood stasis may lead to dermatitis and ulcer formation
31
regurgitation re-gur-jih-TA-shun
A backward flow, such as the backflow of blood through a defective valve
32
subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)
Bacterial growth in a heart or valves previously damaged by rheumatic fever
33
tetralogy of Fallot fal-O
A combination of four congenital heart abnormalities: pulmonary artery stenosis, interventricular septal defect, displacement of the aorta to the right, and right ventricular hypertrophy
33
thromboangiitis obliterans
Inflammation and thrombus formation resulting in occlusion of small vessels, especially in the legs; most common in young men and correlated with heavy smoking; thrombotic occlusion of leg vessels may lead to gangrene of the feet; patients show a hypersensitivity to tobacco; also called Buerger disease
34
vegetation
Irregular bacterial outgrowths on the heart valves; associated with rheumatic fever
35
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW)
A cardiac arrhythmia consisting of tachycardia and a premature ventricular beat caused by an alternative conduction pathway
36
cardiac catheterization
Passage of a catheter into the heart through a vessel to inject a contrast medium for imaging, diagnosis, obtaining samples, or measuring pressure
37
central venous pressure (CVP)
Pressure in the superior vena cava
38
Doppler echocardiography
An imaging method used to study the rate and pattern of blood flow
38
cineangiocardiography sin-eh-an-je-o-kar-de-OG-rah-fe
The photographic recording of fluoroscopic images of the heart and large vessels using motion picture techniques
39
Holter monitor
A portable device that can record from 24 hours to 1 month of an individual’s ECG readings during normal activity
39
homocysteine ho-mo-SIS-te-ene
An amino acid in the blood that at higher-than-normal levels is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease
40
plethysmography pleh-thiz-MOG-rah-fe
Measurement of changes in the size of a part based on the amount of blood contained in or passing through it; impedance plethysmography measures changes in electrical resistance and is used in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis
40
phlebotomist fleh-BOT-o-mist
Technician who specializes in drawing blood
40
phonocardiography fo-no-kar-de-OG-rah-fe
Electronic recording of heart sounds
41
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)
Pressure measured by a catheter in a branch of the pulmonary artery. It is an indirect measure of pressure in the left atrium
42
radionuclide heart scan
Imaging of the heart after injection of a radioactive isotope; the PYP (pyrophosphate) scan using technetium-99m (99mTc) is used to test for myocardial infarction because the isotope is taken up by damaged tissue; the MUGA (multigated acquisition) scan gives information on heart function
43
Swan–Ganz catheter
A cardiac catheter with a balloon at the tip that is used to measure pulmonary arterial pressure; it is flow guided through a vein into the right side of the heart and then into the pulmonary artery
44
transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
Use of an ultrasound transducer placed endoscopically into the esophagus to obtain images of the heart
44
atherectomy ath-er-EK-to-me
Removal of atheromatous plaque from the lining of a vessel; may be done by open surgery or through the vessel’s lumen
45
ventriculography ven-trik-u-LOG-rah-fe
X-ray study of the heart’s ventricles after introduction of an opaque dye by means of a catheter
45
triglyceride tri-GLIS-er-ide
Simple fat that circulates in the bloodstream
46
commissurotomy kom-ih-shur-OT-o-me
Surgical incision of a scarred mitral valve to increase the size of the valvular opening
47
embolectomy em-bo-LEK-to-me
Surgical removal of an embolus
48
angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)
A drug that blocks tissue receptors for angiotensin II; angiotensin II receptor antagonist
48
intraaortic balloon pump (IABP)
A mechanical assist device that consists of an inflatable balloon pump inserted through the femoral artery into the thoracic aorta; it inflates during diastole to improve coronary circulation and deflates before systole to allow blood ejection from the heart
48
ventricular assist device (VAD)
A pump that takes over a ventricle’s function in delivering blood into the pulmonary or systemic circuit; these devices are used to assist patients awaiting heart transplantation or those who are recovering from heart failure; most common is a left ventricular assist device (LVAD)
48
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
A drug that lowers blood pressure by blocking the formation of angiotensin II, a substance that normally acts to increase blood pressure
49
antiarrhythmic agent
A drug that regulates the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat
50
beta-adrenergic blocking agent
Drug that decreases the rate and strength of heart contractions; beta-blocker
51
Coumadin KU-mah-din
Drug that inhibits clotting by inhibiting formation of vitamin K, a factor necessary for blood coagulation. Trade name for the generic warfarin
51
calcium-channel blocker
Drug that controls the rate and force of heart contraction by regulating calcium entrance into the cells
52
digitalis dij-ih-TAL-is
A drug that slows and strengthens heart muscle contractions
53
diuretic di-u-RET-ik
Drug that eliminates fluid by increasing the kidney’s output of urine; lowered blood volume decreases the heart’s workload
54
heparin HEP-ah-rin
Substance that inhibits blood clotting by interfering with the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
55
hypolipidemic agent hi-po-lip-ih-DE-mik
Drug that lowers serum cholesterol
56
lidocaine LI-do-kane
A local anesthetic that is used intravenously to treat cardiac arrhythmias
57
loop diuretic
Drug that increases urine output by inhibiting electrolyte reabsorption in the kidney nephrons (loops)
58
nitroglycerin ni-tro-GLIS-er-in
A drug used in the treatment of angina pectoris to dilate coronary vessels
59
statins
Drugs that act to lower lipids in the blood; the drug names end with -statin, such as lovastatin, pravastatin, and atorvastatin
60
streptokinase (SK) strep-to-KI-nase
An enzyme used to dissolve blood clots
61
tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)
A drug used to dissolve blood clots; it activates production of a substance (plasmin) in the blood that normally dissolves clots
62
vasodilator vas-o-di-LA-tor
A drug that widens blood vessels and improves blood flow

Ch10 (4 decks)

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