Lymphatic System Flashcards
3 functions of the lymphatic system
help maintain fluid balance
immunity
helps with absorption
How does it help with fluid balance
collects excess interstitial fluid and returns this to the blood stream
How does it help with absorption
transports fats/triglycerides via lacteals in small intestine
How does it help with immunity
produces lymphocytes
Where does lymph fluid enter circulation
subclavian vein
What does red bone marrow produce
blood cells - including lymphocytes
What happens at the thymus
T cell maturation
What does the spleen do
filters blood
removes damaged blood cells
stores blood cells (platelets)
What do lymph nodes do
collect lymph fluid
What do tonsils do
protect against inhaled pathogens
produce antibodies
stimulate immune response
Function of adenoids
filter and trap pathogens that enter through the nose
What are peyers patches
found in ileum
consist of B cell follicles, T cell zones and epithelium
recognise and process antigens
Types of tonsils
palatine tonsils (2 at the back of the throat)
pharyngeal tonsils (1 behind nasal cavity)
tubal tonsils (2 where the auditory tube opens into the nasopharynx)
Lingual tonsils (collection of tissue at the roof of the mouth)
Which quadrant is the pain located in?
Upper left
When would the spleen temporarily produce red and white blood cells
in individuals with anaemia and during foetal development
the spleen: white pulp
reticular fibres with attached B lymphocytes (produce antibodies)
the spleen: red pulp
removal of old RBC, debris and microorganisms
location of venous sinuses
Innate Immunity
present from birth
first line of defence
physical barriers: skin, hair and mucus
involves macrophages, neutrophils and NK cells
provides immediate but non specific response
Acquired immunity
develops through exposure
prevents disease from taking hold in future
specialised cells: B cells and T cells
Can be natural (after infection)
Can be artificial (vaccination)
What does lupus effect?
skin, joints and organs
What does rheumatoid arthritis effect?
joints - causes inflammation
What does MS effect?
the myelin sheath of neurons
