Lymphatic System Flashcards
(23 cards)
Shapes of Bacteria
Cocci- spherical (strep)
Bacili- Rod (E.Coli)
Sprilli- Spiral (Lyme Disease)
Bacteria Barriers
- Oxygen Availability
- nutrients (not enough)
- temperature
- pH
- Accumulation of waste
Pathogens
Cause disease
-located in any of our tissue
Protection against infectious pathogens
broken skin
mucus membranes
tears
immune system
T cells
T cells, are cells involved in fighting specific pathogens in the body Four types killer t cells suppressor t cells memory T cells helper T cells
Memory T cells
memory T cells persist in the body to provide a faster reaction to subsequent infection by pathogens expressing the same antigen.
B cells
they form plasma cells that produce antibodies.
Memory B cells
memory B cells persist in the body to quickly produce antibodies to subsequent infection by pathogens expressing the same antigen.
Natural killers
Spontaneously ruptured to destroy virus-infected cells and cancer cells
The thoracic duct
The thoracic duct connects the lymphatic vessels of the legs, abdomen, left arm, and the left side of the head, neck, and thorax to the left brachiocephalic vein.
The right lymphatic duct
The right lymphatic duct connects the lymphatic vessels of the right arm and the right side of the head, neck, and thorax to the right brachiocephalic vein.
Tonsils
The tonsils contain many T and B cells to protect the body from inhaled or ingested substances. The tonsils often become inflamed in response to an infection.
Spleen
is made of lymphatic tissue and contains many T cells, B cells, and macrophages to fight off infections.
External defences
Mucus Skin (dead cells) Tears Saliva Stomach acid
Internal defences
Fever
Inflammation
Phagocytes
Natural killers
Phagocytes
Destroy and dissolve infected cells
Specific Immune response
B cells bind to virus
Signals to cells
Which allows B cells to become a plasma cell
Produces antibodies
Antibodies hinder virus and mark them
Macrophage and killer cells destroy virus
Suppressor cells kick in
Cancer cells
Cancer cells results mutation of the gene that controls cell division
Causes of cancer
-Exposer to carcinogenic viruses HPV EBV hep B
-exposure to carcinogens
-exposure to radiation UV rays
-exposure to physical irritants
Or just some damn bad luck!
T cells recognize cancer
T cells recognize and destroyRayston potentially cancerous tumor cells before they have a chance to multiply and spread
Immune response to cancer
- killer T cells natural killers and Macrophage all release interferon
- B cells release antibodies which bind to the cancer cells and Mark death
- Nk and killer T cells always chemicals to destroy cells And macrophage eat them
Interferon
Inhibits the multiplication cancer cells
Lymph
Watery fluid that contain Hormones oxygen and CO2
in the blood “plasma”
Tissue “interstial fluid “
Lymphatic vessels “lymph”
