Lymphatic System Flashcards
(27 cards)
what is the lymphatic system?
a network of vessels that assist in circulating fluids
The lymphatic systems functions inclide
closely associated with the Cardiovascular system
transports excess fluid away from interstitial spaces
transports fluid to the bloodstream
transports fats to the bloodstream
helps defend the body against diseases
Lymphatic organs and tissues are widely distributed throughout the…
body
Primary lymphatic organs provides…
an environment for stem cells to divide and mature into B and T lymphocytes
red bone marrow gives rise to
mature B cells
This site is where pre-T cells from red marrow mature
Thymus
Secondary lymphatic organs and tissues are where…
most immune responses occur
Secondary lymphatic organs include:
lymph nodes, spleen & lymphatic nodules
Components of _______________respond individually to unique glycoprotein markers called antigens; present on all cells and most biological molecules, including our own cells; identify a cell or molecule as belonging to a specific group
adaptive, or specific, immunity
What are two “arms” of the adaptive immune system?
cell-mediated immunity
antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity
First arm is cell-mediated immunity; brought about by
two types of T cells
Second arm is antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity); carried out by
B cells and proteins they produce, called antibodies
Helper T cells
co-stimulate B cells
B cells sit still and await the presentation of
antigens
Once B cells are activated, they rapidly differentiate into…
plasma cells that secrete antibodies and memory B cells
Antibodies circulate in
the lymph and blood
T cells secrete
lymphokines
secrete toxins that kill cells
secrete growth-inhibiting factors
secrete interferon
Natural killer cells (NK cells) (non-specific targets)
Lymphocytes help…
activate T cells
cause T cell proliferation
activate cytotoxic T cells
stimulate leukocyte production
stimulate B cells to mature
activate macrophages
T cells require
antigen-presenting cell
T cells (2)
secrete toxins that kills cells
MHC-I molecules are built
into cell membrane of cells that have a nucleus
MHC-II molecules are seen
only on membrane of antigen presenting cells (macrophages, B cells, thymus cells)
if cell is infected with a virus, MHC-It will contain…
bits of virus marking cell so T cells recognize that there is a problem- a diseased cell
if antigen presenting cells (macrophages or B cells) ingest foreign proteins, they will
display them as part of their MHC-II
molecules- a warning signal
