Lymphatic System

Question 1

What are the lymph nodes near the jaw called?

Answer 1

Mandibular

Question 2

What are the chest lymph nodes called?

Answer 2

Prescapular

Question 3

What are the lymph nodes near the groin called?

Answer 3

Inguinal

Question 4

What are the lymph nodes on the back of the leg called?

Answer 4

Popliteral

Question 5

What are the armpit lymph nodes called?

Answer 5

Auxillary

Question 6

Name 3 lymphoid organs

Answer 6

Any from:
Lymph nodes
Thymus
Salivary glands
Mammary glands
Intestine
Urogenital system 
Respiratory tract 
Bone marrow

Question 7

What are the lymphoid organs

Answer 7

Organs that have lymphatic (drainage) properties

Question 8

What are the primary lymphoid organs and give 3 examples

Answer 8

They are organs that regulate the development of lymphocytes - (not where lymphocytes encounter foreign antigens)

• Thymus
• Bursa of fabricius (birds)
• Bone marrow in primates and rodents
• intestinal lymphoid tissue in rabbits, ruminants and pigs

Question 9

Do primary lymphoid organs enlarge in response to an antigenic stimuli?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Where is the thymus located?

Answer 10

In the thoracic cavity

Question 11

When is the thymus the biggest size?

Answer 11

In neonatal animals

Question 12

Where are T cells developed?

Answer 12

The thymus

Question 13

What are T cells?

Answer 13

A type of lymphocyte (white blood cell) - that tells other lymphocytes to attacks foreign bodies/ pathogens

Question 14

What happens to the thymus as an animal gets older?

Answer 14

It gets smaller and it gradually replaced by fat - is still functionally active though

Question 15

Which animal has the bursa of fabricius? where is it located?

Answer 15

In birds

A round sac above the cloaca

Question 16

What type of cells migrate to the bursa of fabricius?

Answer 16

B cells?

Question 17

Where are Peyers Patches found?

Answer 17

In the wall of the small intestine (ileum region)

Question 18

What structure has a similar function to the bursa or fabricius?

Answer 18

Peyers Patches

Question 19

What are the secondary lymphoid organs?

Answer 19

Lymph nodes
Spleen
Lymphoid tissue scattered throughout the body - respiratory, digestive, urogenital tract

Question 20

What lymphoid organ traps antigens?

Answer 20

Lymph nodes

Question 21

What are lymph nodes filled with?

Answer 21

lymphocytes, marcophages, dendric cells, connective tissue

Question 22

Where do afferent vessels enter the lymph node?

Answer 22

the circumference

Question 23

Where are T cells and dendric cells found?

Answer 23

In the paracortex

Question 24

What is the function of the spleen?

Answer 24

Filters blood
Blood-bourne diseases sit there
Red pulp storage (erythrocytes)
White pulp storage (for immune response)

Question 25

What type of cell colonises the bone marrow?

Answer 25

memory cells

Question 26

What does the bone marrow produce large quantities of?

Answer 26

antibodies

Question 27

what are the 4 main functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 27

To return excess tissue fluid to the circulation To produce lymphocytes to fight infection To act as a filter To transport fatty acid molecules

Question 28

where is lymph formed?

Answer 28

at the arterial end of blood capillaries

Question 29

what is lymph

Answer 29

clear-white fluid in the lymphatic system made up of lymphocytes and chyle

Question 30

what happens to excess fluid that does not move into the capillaries

Answer 30

gets moped up by the lymphatic system

Question 31

how does lymph move out of the capillaries

Answer 31

Hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloidal pressure exerted by plasma proteins

Question 32

which vessels supply the lymph node and which vessels drain it?

Answer 32

Afferent vessels supply efferent vessels drain it

Question 33

where on the lymph node is the efferent vessel found

Answer 33

At the hilus of the node

Question 34

what happens when lymph moves out of the capillaries?

Answer 34

it bathes the cells as tissue fluid

Question 35

How does lymph enter the venous end of the capillary?

Answer 35

colloidal pressure from plasma proteins is more than the hydrostatic pressure

Question 36

how are lymphatic vessels squeezed?

Answer 36

skeletal muscles around it contract

Question 37

what do lymphatic vessels do?

Answer 37

transport lymph around body

Question 38

where in the body does lymph re-enter the venous circulation?

Answer 38

in the chest

Question 39

what are lymph nodes?

Answer 39

are small kidney bean structures which filter lymph, drain different regions of the body and monitor health states of that area

Question 40

what do lymph nodes do?

Answer 40

trap antigens in lymph

Question 41

what are the 3 main structures that divide a lymph node?

Answer 41

cortex, paracortex and medulla

Question 42

Name 3 structures on a lymph node

Answer 42

``` Any from Cortex Paracortex Medulla Follicle Germination centre Lymphatic vessels (incoming and outgoing) Vein Artery ```

Question 43

Which area of the lymph node has the most B cells?

Answer 43

cortex

Question 44

Which area of the lymph node is rich in T cells?

Answer 44

the paracortex (betweem the cortex and the medulla)

Question 45

Which area of the lymph node has a higher concentration of lymphocytes?

Answer 45

the cortex

Question 46

which area of the lymph node are B cells containing lymphoid follicles found?

Answer 46

The cortex

Question 47

Where are T cells and dendric cells found?

Answer 47

In the paracortex of the lymph node

Question 48

What is the principle function of a lymph node?

Answer 48

to facilitate the interaction between antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes