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152 LE 5 > Lymphatic Viruses > Flashcards

Lymphatic Viruses Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

how many species of ebolavirus are there

A

5

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2
Q

species that affect humans

A

SUDV, EBOV, BDBV

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3
Q

list the 5 species of ebola virus

A

sudan ebolavirus
zaire ebolavirus
tai forest ebolavirus
bundibugyp ebolavirus
resron ebolavirus

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4
Q

species that affects primates including humans

A

TAFV

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5
Q

species that affects nonhuman primates and swine

A

RESTV

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6
Q

ebola envelope

A

+ with glycoprotein spikes

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7
Q

ebola symmetry and shape

A

helical, filamentous, pleomorphic, flexible with extensive branching

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8
Q

ebola has _ layers with _ proteins

A

3, 7

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9
Q

What are the three layers of the Ebola virus?

A

envelope, matrix space, and nucleocapsid

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10
Q

proteins in nucelocapsid

A

NP, VP35, L, VP30

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11
Q

protein in envelope

A

glycoprotein

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12
Q

protein in matrix space

A

VP40, VP24

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13
Q

modes of transmission for ebola

A

direct contact
raw meat consumption
sexual contact
breast milk

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14
Q

ebola virions enter the _ and affect _ cells

A

mucosal membrane, dendritic

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15
Q

ebola
dendritic cells > lymph nodes > _ or _

A

systemic spread and multiple organ dysfunction, immune system dysregulation

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16
Q

ebola:
immune system dysregulation leads to

A

impaired T cell activation and excessive cytokines

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17
Q

what happens to the circulatory system when Ebola enters the body

A

capillary leakage and 3rd spacing
coagulopathy > haemorrhagic manifestations
damage to endothelium
low blood pressure

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18
Q

release of pro-inflammatory cytokines lead to

A

endothelial leakage

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19
Q

reduced synthesis of clotting factors

A

hepatocellular necrosis

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20
Q

stages of Ebola virus disease

A

exposure
incubation
early symptoms
symptoms worsen
death
spread

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21
Q

ebola patients are most contagious at and near _

A

death

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22
Q

during exposure and incubation, the patient is contagious or not contagious

A

not contagious

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23
Q

patient becomes contagious during the _ stage

A

early symptoms

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24
Q

8-12 days after exposure

A

fever, chills, fatigue, muscle pain, weakness

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25
2 weeks after exposure
diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rash, red eyes, bleeding
26
6-16 days after symptoms begin
damage to blood vessels causing drop in BP and organ failure
27
Ebola transmission shedding
blood sweat vomit sputum feces urine semen
28
Ebola clinical signs
fever myalgia headache malaise diarrhea abdominal pain epistaxis vomiting loss of appetite rash red eyes
29
Ebola diagnosis
ELISA RT-PCR Next Generation Sequencing
30
in antigen detection, high sensitivity is recorded in the _ phase
acute
31
gold standard of diagnosis for Ebola
RT-PCR
32
antibody detected in Ebola diagnosis
IgM
33
2 vaccines are approved for which species
Zaire ebolavirus
34
there is no specific vaccine or treatment for Ebola, supportive therapy only
TRUE
35
supportive therapy includes:
rehydration nutrition analgesics blood transfusion prophylactic antimicrobials
36
preventative measures for Ebola virus
proper hygiene, avoiding contact with body fluids and raw meat, isolation, cleaning & disinfection, using PPE
37
drugs in development for the treatment of Ebola virus
Favipiravir, BCX4430, and brincidofovir
38
origin of Ebola outbreak in West Africa
Gueckedou
39
cytomegalovirus order, family, subfamily
herpesvirales, herpesviridae, betaherpesvirinae
40
cytomegalovirus envelope
+ icosahedral nucleocapsid
41
cytomegalovirus genome
linear dsDNA
42
cytomegalovirus prominent structures
outer lipid envelope tegument nucleocapsid internal nucleoprotein core
43
CMV incubation period for normal hosts
4-8 weeks
44
infectious monucleosis-like syndrome
systemic
45
in normal hosts, CMV is mostly _, _ infections
subclinical, lifelong latent
46
symptoms in normal hosts with CMV
fever, sore throat, swollen glands, hepatitis (occasionally)
47
acute febrile illness with an increase of 50% or more in lymphocytes/monocytes
typical mononucleosis syndrome
48
immunosuppressed hosts include:
organ transplant recipients, patients undergoing chemotherapy, AIDS+
49
complications in immunosuppressed hosts with CMV
pneumonia and reactivation
50
newborn and infants are prone to
intrauterine fetal infection and congenital CMV
51
patients with HIV can have
CMV-induced end-organ damage
52
painless blurred vision, unilateral floaters, light flashes
retinitis
53
modes of transmission for cytomegalovirus
Direct contact with saliva or urine Sexual contact Organ transplant and blood transfusion Breast milk Pregnancy
54
epidemiological factors for CMV
geographic location age socioeconomic status
55
CMV diagnosis
serology viral culture antigenemia molecular (PCR, non-PCR)
56
viral culture for CMV diagnosis
tube culture, shell vial assay
57
Antibody detection for CMV detects
IgG and IgM
58
Antigenemia detects
pp65 Ag
59
anti-CMV agents halt CMV _ but do not _ the virus
replication, eliminate
60
anti-CMV agents
Ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir
61
epstein-barr virus order, family, subfamily
herpesvirales, orthoherpesviridae, gammaherpesvirinae
62
EBV envelope
+ icosahedral nucleocapsid
63
EBV symmetry
helical
64
What cells does the Epstein-Barr virus target?
B cells and epithelial cells
65
incubation period for Epstein-Barr virus?
30-50 days
66
EBV pathogenesis: _ > _ > _ cells
saliva > oropharynx > pharyngeal epithelial cells
67
How is the Epstein-Barr virus transmitted?
transmitted via salivary exchange or blood transfusion
68
in EBV, an overactive immune response
infectious mononucleosis
69
in EBV, lack of effective immune response leads to
lymphoma
70
acute self-limited illness usually in nonimmune young adults
infectious mononucleosis glandular fever
71
in most patients, _ is palpable and _ dysfunction is present
spleen, liver
72
lymphoma-associated disorders
Burkitt’s lymphoma B-cell tumors in immunocompromised patients Hodgkin’s lymphoma Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
73
inaccessible to surgery or chemotherapy
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
74
aggressive B-cell lymphoma
Burkitt’s lymphoma
75
What is a recognized co-factor for Burkitt’s lymphoma?
malaria
76
clinical manifestations for EBV
fever sore throat lymphadenopathy (neck and armpits)
77
detection of up to 30% _
morphologically atypical lymphocytes
78
serological diagnosis of EBV
heterophile antibody testing, specific Ab testing
79
there is a vaccine available for EBV
false, no vaccine
80
treatment for EBV
supportive care

152 LE 5 (4 decks)

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