[M1] Bleeding time

Question 1

The first response of the body following blood vessel injury.

Answer 1

Primary hemostasis

Question 2

The ________ and the ______________ are the main players in their stage to prevent undue loss of blood.

Answer 2

platelets
vascular responses

Question 3

Three stages in primary hemostasis

Answer 3

Platelet adhesion
Platelet activation
Platelet aggregation

Question 4

There are three stages involved in primary hemostasis and these are: platelet adhesion, platelet activation and platelet aggregation which result in the formation of ______________________

Answer 4

platelet/hemostatic plug.

Question 5

The interval required for the blood to stop flowing from a skin incision.

Answer 5

Bleeding time

Question 6

The interval required for the blood to stop flowing from a skin incision.

Answer 6

Bleeding time

Question 7

T/F: Bleeding time is necessarily parallel to the coagulation time of the blood.

Answer 7

False; Bleeding time does NOT necessarily parallel the coagulation time of the blood.

Question 8

It measures the ability of blood vessels to control bleeding injury by formation of platelet plug or hemostatic plug.

Answer 8

Bleeding time

Question 9

It tests the function of platelets as well

Answer 9

Bleeding time

Question 10

Materials used for bleeding time

Answer 10

70% isopropyl alcohol
Cotton
Blood lancet
Filter Paper
Timer

Question 11

Method used in Bleeding Time

Answer 11

Duke’s Method
Modified Ivy’s Method
Copley-Lalitch Method

Question 12

The Lobe of the ear is the site of choice for puncture.

Answer 12

Duke’s Method

Question 13

T/F: in Duke’s method, warming the site is NOT required before taking the bleeding time

Answer 13

FALSE; It should be warmed before the test or before incision is made. Then take bleeding time.

Question 14

DUKE’S METHOD

Procedure:
1. Clean the site for puncture (_____ or _______________) with cotton moistened with alcohol. Allow it to dry.

Answer 14

finger
lobe of the ear

Question 15

DUKE’S METHOD

Procedure
2. Puncture the lower edge of the ear lobe to a depth of ______. Wipe off the first drop with dry cotton and start the stopwatch as soon as blood appears.

Answer 15

3mm

Question 16

DUKE’S METHOD

Procedure
3. At _________ intervals, apply gently to the drop of blood, taking care not to touch the skin. Endpoint is reached when no more blood is absorbed by the ____________.

Answer 16

half-minute
filter paper

Question 17

Duke’s method reference range

Answer 17

2-4 minutes

Question 18

Duke’s method

however, normal persons may occasionally give up values up to ____________

Answer 18

5 minutes

Question 19

Capillary pressure is standardized and the average of bleeding time from three separate incisions in the forearm is noted. This provides a very accurate technique if the incisions are identical.

Answer 19

Modified Ivy’s Method

Question 20

MODIFIED IVY’S METHOD

Procedure
1. A sphygmomanometer cuff is placed around the patient’s upper arm. The pressure is raised to ____________ and maintained at this level for the duration of the test.

Answer 20

40mmHg

Question 21

MODIFIED IVY’S METHOD

Procedure
2. Sterilize the site of puncture. Using a sterile lancet, make a puncture wound, ____ deep along the flexor (______________) aspect of the forearm, avoiding any visible vein or skin lesions.

Answer 21

3mm
inner/volar surface

Question 22

MODIFIED IVY’S METHOD

Procedure
3. Start the stopwatch. At ________ intervals, gently blot the blood with filter paper until no more blood appears on the filter paper, taking care not to touch the skin. Note the time.

Answer 22

half-minute

Question 23

MODIFIED IVY’S METHOD

Procedure
4. The blood pressure cuff is ____________

Answer 23

decompressed.

Question 24

MODIFIED IVY’S METHOD

Procedure
5. Repeat the test (the above procedure) at ___________ intervals until there are ___________ of bleeding time.

Answer 24

5 minute
3 recordings

Question 25

MODIFIED IVY’S METHOD

Procedure
6. Take the ________ of the 3 bleeding times.

Answer 25

average

Question 26

MODIFIED IVY’S METHOD

Reference range

Answer 26

2 ½ - 7 minutes

Question 27

COPLEY-LALITCH METHOD

Procedure
1. Sterilize the finger tip with _____ alcohol and allow it to dry.

Answer 27

70%

Question 28

COPLEY-LALITCH METHOD

Procedure
2. Make a puncture to a depth of ______. start timing.

Answer 28

6mm

Question 29

COPLEY-LALITCH METHOD

Procedure
3. Immerse the puncture finger in sterile physiologic saline solution warmed at _____ until the bleeding stops.

Answer 29

37°C

Question 30

COPLEY-LALITCH METHOD

Procedure
4. _________________

Answer 30

Record the bleeding time.

Question 31

COPLEY-LALITCH METHOD

Reference range

Answer 31

<3 minutes

Question 32

PROLONGED BLEEDING TIME IS SEEN IN:

Answer 32

1. When the blood platelets are greatly reduced.
2. In injury to capillary wall
3. In prothrombin deficiency
4. Slightly prolonged severe anemia

Question 33

Enumerate the cases where blood platelets are greatly reduced

Answer 33

Thrombocytopenic purpura
Acute Leukemia
Aplastic anemia

Question 34

Enumerate the diseases/conditions in injury to capillary wall

Answer 34

Scurvy
Toxins (infection, chemical, snake venom)
Allergy

Question 35

Enumerate the diseases/conditions where there is prothrombin deficiency

Answer 35

Destructive disease of the liver with hemorrhagic tendencies
Hemolytic disease of the newborn