M1: Intro to Anat and Phys

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

the study of the structures in the body and its parts

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of the functions of an organism and its parts

Question 3

Gross anatomy

Answer 3

the study of the macroscopic structures of an organism

Question 4

microscopic anatomy

Answer 4

the study of structures so small you need a microscope

Question 5

Histology

Answer 5

the study of tissues

Question 6

organ

Answer 6

a group of tissues specialized to a particular function

Question 7

Tissues

Answer 7

groups of cells forming various building materials of the body

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

a state of dynamic equilibrium in the body with respect to its internal environment and functions

Question 9

set point

Answer 9

ideal normal value of a variables around which homeostasis is maintained through a normal range of values that are acceptable to the body

Question 10

Stress

Answer 10

a factor that causes one or more physiological variables to move away from its homeostatic set point

Question 11

control center

Answer 11

the part of the body, either central nervous system or endocrine gland, that receives information about a variable, determines the set point signal a response to a correct imbalance

Question 12

effector

Answer 12

a structure in the body that can change the value of a variable in response to a signal from the control center

Question 13

receptor

Answer 13

a structure in the body that monitors the values of your body’s variables

Question 14

Negative Feedback System

Answer 14

a control mechanism consisting of receptors, control center, and effectors through which homeostasis in the body is maintained by regulation of the body/s organ systems. It is called negative feedback because the control system opposes of reverses the original stress

Question 15

selective permiability

Answer 15

the ability to let certain materials in or out while restricting others

Question 16

endocytosis

Answer 16

the process by which large molecules are taken into the cell

Question 17

exocytosis

Answer 17

transportation of materials from inside the cell to outside the cell using vesicles (called secretion)

Question 18

organ systems

Answer 18

skeletal, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, muscular, integumentary, lymphatic, urinary, endocrine, and reproductive

Question 19

7 levels of organization

Answer 19

molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, whole organism

Question 20

types of tissues

Answer 20

nervous, muscular, connective, and epithelial

Question 21

nervous tissue

Answer 21

brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Question 22

muscular tissue

Answer 22

enable skeletal movement, heartbeat, and other internal organs to push food or fluid

Question 23

connective tissue

Answer 23

bone, cartilage, deeper layer of skin, and bindings around and between organs (body fat and blood)

Question 24

epithelial tissue

Answer 24

surface of your skin, inner lining of respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive tract, and glands (thyroid, liver, etc.)

Question 25

nucleus

Answer 25

contains DNA and id the cell’s control center

Question 26

plasma membrane

Answer 26

holds the cell together and controls entry and exit of substances

Question 27

ribosoms

Answer 27

synthesize proteins

Question 28

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 28

synthesis and intracellular transport of proteins

Question 29

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 29

synthesis and intracellular transport of carbohydrates and lipids

Question 30

Golgi apparatus

Answer 30

packages molecules for secretion

Question 31

secretory vesicle

Answer 31

secretion

Question 32

lysosome

Answer 32

breaks down proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and lipids

Question 33

mitochondria

Answer 33

produce energy for the cell

Question 34

cilia

Answer 34

movement of molecules over the cell’s surface

Question 35

centrioles

Answer 35

spindle formation for mitosis and meiosis

Question 36

mitosis phases

Answer 36

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase (please make Anna tea)