M18 10/7 Vocab

Question 1

fomite

Answer 1

inanimate objects that are likely to carry pathogens (clothes, shoes, tools, bedding)

Question 2

morbidity

Answer 2

likelihood of becoming sick

Question 3

mortality

Answer 3

likelihood of death

Question 4

virus

Answer 4

microscopic pathogen that has only an outer protein coat and inner nucleic acid molecule

Question 5

bacteria

Answer 5

unicellular organism that does not have organelles or nuclear membranes

Question 6

fungus

Answer 6

single cell or unicellular organism that grow into yeasts, molds, and fungal hypae

Question 7

parasite

Answer 7

a complete living organism that is dependent on another organism to survive

Question 8

transmission

Answer 8

process of how a pathogen is transferred to an infected host

Question 9

vector

Answer 9

an organism that does not cause disease itself, but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another

Question 10

clinical signs

Answer 10

objective findings that are indicative of disease (nasal discharge, sneeze, cough, rash)

Question 11

diagnosis

Answer 11

determining the name of the pathogen responsible for the clinical signs

Question 12

treatment

Answer 12

use of an agent in an attempt to cure or mitigate disease

Question 13

prevention

Answer 13

actions that can be taken to decrease chance of getting a disease

Question 14

pathogen pollution

Answer 14

a pathogen newly introduced due to human involvement

Question 15

bio-terrorism

Answer 15

intentional release of virus, bacteria, or toxins with the aim of sickening or killing people

Question 16

One Health

Answer 16

recognition of the interconnection between health of animals, people, and environment

Question 17

CDC

Answer 17

Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Question 18

WHO

Answer 18

World Health Organization

Question 19

infectious disease

Answer 19

illnesses that are caused by pathogens

Question 20

pathogen

Answer 20

any micro-organism that can cause disease

Question 21

zoonosis

Answer 21

an animal disease that can be transmitted to humans (rabies)

Question 22

anthropozonotic

Answer 22

aka zoonosis

Question 23

anthroponosis

Answer 23

a disease transmitted from human to human

Question 24

reverse zoonosis

Answer 24

transmission of disease from humans to animals

Question 25

zooanthroponosis

Answer 25

aka reverse zoonosis

Question 26

non-zoonotic disease

Answer 26

disease that people and animals may get similarily but are NOT transmitted to eachother (valley fever, whipworm)

Question 27

epidemic

Answer 27

widespread occurence of an infectious disease in a community of a particular time

Question 28

epidemiologist

Answer 28

a person who is an expert in analyzing and controlling disease

Question 29

pandemic

Answer 29

widespread disease over a large geographic area

Question 30

endemic

Answer 30

normally found in certain animals or a certain area

Question 31

host

Answer 31

animal in which for the pathogen or organism lives

Question 32

reservoir host

Answer 32

is a carrier of disease but does not get sick

Question 33

dead end host

Answer 33

once disease reaches this individual/animal, the disease cannot be transmitted to anyone/anything else

Question 34

direct transmission

Answer 34

contacted directly from diseased animal/human to an animal/human via touching, mucus membranes, ingested, or inhaled

Question 35

indirect transmission

Answer 35

if the infected animal/human did not directly come in contact with the animal/human