M2:RHETORIC AND THE LOGIC OF PERSUASION

Question 1

Rhetoric comes from the greek word________ which means_____

Answer 1

Rhetorikos ;
oratory

Question 2

Rhetoric is the art of _______

Answer 2

Art of persuasive speaking or writing

Question 3

Aims to to persuade, inform, and motivate

Answer 3

Rhetoric

Question 4

➔ Use of language and symbols to change thoughts, feelings, and actions

Answer 4

Rhetoric

Question 5

Extends to how we communicate–the words and language we use, and the techniques we explore to convey a persuasive message

Answer 5

Rhetoric

Question 6

Rhetorical Situation is a ______ that requires a _________ through ______ because there is a ______ that needs addressing

Answer 6

set of circumstances ;
response ;
communication or discourse ;
problem or issue

Question 7

______ is a set of circumstances that requires a response through communication or discourse because there is a problem or issue that needs addressing

Answer 7

Rhetorical Situation

Question 8

The following are examples of_____:
crisis communication

public service announcement

election campaign

policy making

environmental advocacy

legal defense argument

Answer 8

Rhetorical Situation

Question 9

What are the 3 constituents of Rhetorical Situation? Define each.

Answer 9

➔ Exigence - A pressing or urgent situation that prompts someone to write or speak
➔ Audience - the individuals for whom the argument is intended
➔ Constraints - limitations or constraints that hinder the success of the discourse

Question 10

What are the 6 component of Rhetorical Situation

Answer 10

➔ Author
➔ Audience
➔ Topic
➔ Purpose
➔ Occasion
➔ Medium

Question 11

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

creator or sender of the message

◆ What kind of experience does the author have in the subject
◆ What values does the author have
◆ How invested is the author in the topic of the text

Answer 11

Author

Question 12

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

intended recipient of communication or who the text is trying to influence

◆ What is the audience demographic
◆ What is the background, values, interests and motivation of the audience
◆ How open is this intended audience to the author
◆ What assumptions might the audience make about the author
◆ In what context id the audience receiving the text

Answer 12

Audience

Question 13

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

what the author hopes to achieve with the communication

◆ What do they want from their audience
◆ What does the audience want from the text
◆ What may they do once the text is communicated

Answer 13

Purpose

Question 14

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

setting of the audience

◆ The setting of the audience and author

Answer 14

Occasion

Question 15

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

delivery method

◆ Alphabetic text
◆ Images
◆ Sound
◆ Multimodal tests

Answer 15

Medium

Question 16

Component of Rhetorical Situation:

subject matter covered

Answer 16

Topic

◆ What is it about

Question 17

How many components does a rhetorical situation have

Answer 17

6

Question 18

Number of constituents of a rhetorical situation

Answer 18

3

Question 19

Number of rhetorical appeals and what are those.

Answer 19

3

➔ Ethos
➔ Logos
➔ Pathos

Question 20

Rhetorical appeal that focuses on the speakers authority, expertise, credibility, and their good character

Answer 20

Ethos

Question 21

Rhetorical appeal that uses matters of fact, truth and reasoning

Answer 21

Logos

Question 22

Rhetorical appeal that pertains to feelings and emotions

Answer 22

Pathos

Question 23

Constituent of Rhetorical Situation:

A pressing or urgent situation that prompts someone to write or speak

Answer 23

Exigence

Question 24

Constituent of Rhetorical Situation:

the individuals for whom the argument is intended

Answer 24

Audience

Question 25

Constituent of Rhetorical Situation: limitations or constraints that hinder the success of the discourse

Answer 25

Constraints

Question 26

Pertains to the method use to persuade the audience

Answer 26

Rhetorical Appeals

Question 27

➔ The use of language, signs, and symbols, contextualized in political, social, cultural, and economic situations.

Answer 27

Political Rhetoric

Question 28

POLITICAL RHETORIC is the use of _____,_____,_____contextualized in ____,____,____,___situations.

Answer 28

language, signs, symbols, political, social, cultural, economic

Question 29

The communicative contexts surrounding political actors shape their rhetoric and how they appeal to the public they want to persuade

Answer 29

Political Rhetoric

Question 30

____ Modes of Appeals of Political Rhetoric are: (enumerate)

Answer 30

3; Ethos Logos Pathos

Question 31

Define each: Ethos Logos Pathos

Answer 31

➔ Ethos - focuses on the speakers authority, expertise, credibility, and their good character ➔ Logos - uses matters of fact, truth and reasoning ➔ Pathos - feelings and emotions

Question 32

Who uses Political Rhetoric?

Answer 32

1. Politicians/political candidates 2. Government official 3. Political Parties

Question 33

What are the Common goals of Political Rhetoric

Answer 33

1. Maintain the relationship of the speaker with the audience 2. Motivate, inspire, inform, or persuade citizens to take an action 3. Shift public opinion

Question 34

3 Components of Political Rhetoric

Answer 34

exigence audience constraints

Question 35

Components of Political Rhetoric - the problem that gives rise to the rhetorical situation, this is interpreted by the rhetor and shared with the audience to achieve the purpose of the rhetoric

Answer 35

Exigence

Question 36

Components of Political Rhetoric individuals that can be influenced by the discourse. Consists of physical audience, audience who is yet to be formed, and audience in the mind of the rhetoric

Answer 36

Audience

Question 37

Components of Political Rhetoric Persons, objects, events or relationships that can challenge the success of the rhetoric. Can be linguistic, historical, and geographical.

Answer 37

Constraint

Question 38

______ Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people: Enumerate

Answer 38

(TICE) 1.Taking and avoiding sides 2.Explicit appeals to common in-group membership 3.Constructing Aspirational Identities 4.Implicit displays of rhetorical alignment

Question 39

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ Dealing with the problem of audience diversity by siding with the one group against another (e.g. the act of siding with the “ordinary people” in opposition to the “elite” by the populist politicians)

Answer 39

Taking and avoiding sides

Question 40

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ Presenting an argument that appears to incorporate divergent points of view

Answer 40

Taking and avoiding sides

Question 41

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ Regrouping diverse communities into a single overarching identity category

Answer 41

Explicit appeals to common in-group membership

Question 42

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ Framing the leader’s own political project as the norms and values of that identity category

Answer 42

Explicit appeals to common in-group membership

Question 43

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ A speaker is not confined to constructing a common rhetorical in-group located in the narrative here-and–now, but can speak to and on behalf of “a people that is not… yet”

Answer 43

➔ Constructing Aspirational Identities

Question 44

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ When a speaker is acting as advocate for a group that is currently positioned outside or on the margins of a particular political community

Answer 44

➔ Constructing Aspirational Identities

Question 45

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ Public display of identity

Answer 45

➔ Implicit displays of rhetorical alignment

Question 46

Strategies Political Communicators use to identify with the people ◆ Forging identity or oneness with the target audience with the use of address, body posture, style of speech that resonate with the people

Answer 46

➔ Implicit displays of rhetorical alignment