M5: DNA in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Flashcards
1
Q
location of prokaryotic dna?
A
single chromosome in form of circular strand. Not double helixed but 2 single stranded DNA twisted around eachother
2
Q
Features of non-chromosomal DNA?
A
- small rings called plasmids
- genes on plasmids code for unessential features but provide bacteria with advantages
3
Q
Packaging of prokaryotic DNA?
A
- needs to fit in small cell so DNA is supercoiled and forms loop around nucleoid
- dense protein
4
Q
structure of eukaryotic DNA?
A
membrane bound nucleus within cell, individual molecules organised into chromosomes
5
Q
what are introns?
A
non coding DNA that is not directly used to make products such as proteins - introns in the bin
6
Q
what are exons?
A
coding sequences in DNA used for making products. EXONS ARE EXPRESSED
7
Q
packaging of eukaryotic DNA?
A
- linear rather that circular and winds around histones tightly but does not supercoil, forming nucleosomes
- 5 main types of histones contain amino acids
8
Q
non nuclear DNA in Eukaryotes?
A
- mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles that contain DNA
- mtDNA found in respiratory organelles of cells can be used to trace maternal inheritance
