M5-Soil+Organisms+Organic+Matter

Question 1

Fill the blank.
Like a forest or an estuary, a soil is a/an ____ in which thousands of different creatures interact and contribute to the global cycles that make all life possible.

A) forest
B) biodiversity
C) ecosystem

Answer 1

C

Question 2

_____ are the living part of the soil.

A) trees
B) worms
C) soil organisms

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What type of rrganisms are can be seen by the naked eye?

Answer 3

Macroorganisms

Question 4

Animals, plant roots, and moss are example of

A) macroorganisms
B) microorganisms

Answer 4

A

Question 5

This type of macroorganisms are subsisting largely on plant materials small mammals like mice squirrels and insects like springtails ants beetle and grabs

A) macroflora
B) macrofauna

Answer 5

B

Question 6

Example of this macroorganisms are plant roots and moss

Answer 6

Macroflora

Question 7

This are type of organisms that cannot be seen by the naked eye

Answer 7

Microorganisms

Question 8

Microorganisms are divided into two types which are…

Answer 8

1. Microflora
2. Microfauna

Question 9

This microorganisms are predatory or parasitic or subsisting on plant residues

Answer 9

Microfauna

Question 10

Microfauna are divided into three parts, namely

A) bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes
B) protozoa, nematodes, rotifers

Answer 10

B

Question 11

This type microfauna are unicellular and most numerous

A) nematodes
B) bacteria
C) protozoa

Answer 11

C

Question 12

An example of these are roundworms; they are small eel-like worms

A) protozoa
B) nematodes
C) Actinomycetes

Answer 12

B

Question 13

These are aquatic multicellular organisms that are numerous in wet areas

A) bacteria
B) algae
C) rotifers

Answer 13

C

Question 14

Bacteria, fungi, Actinomycetes, and algae are example of _____

Answer 14

Microflora, microorganisms

Question 15

TRUE or FALSE

Some scientist consider soil as a living body because it contains a various kinds of organisms.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

These are single-celled organisms that multiply rapidly by elongating and dividing into two parts. They are very small seldom that exceeds four to five microns in length and the shape varied from nearly round, rod-like, or spiral.

Answer 16

Bacteria

Question 17

What are the three classifications of bacteria according to oxygen requirements?

Answer 17

Aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative

Question 18

This bacteria thrive only in the presence of free oxygen

Answer 18

Aerobic

Question 19

This bacteria can live even the complete absence of oxygen

Answer 19

Anaerobic

Question 20

This bacteria that can grow in the presence or absence of free oxygen

Answer 20

Facultative

Question 21

What are the two classifications of bacteria according to energy and carbon requirements?

Answer 21

Autotrophic, heterotrophic

Question 22

It (bacteria) uses carbon dioxide as source of energy and oxidation of simple in organic compounds

Answer 22

Autotrophic

Question 23

This bacteria used in organic chemical compounds as source of energy

Answer 23

Chemoautotrophic

Question 24

This bacteria uses sunlight as source of energy

Answer 24

Photoautotrophic

Question 25

These are the two types of autotrophic bacteria

Answer 25

Chemoautotrophic and photoautotrophic

Question 26

It (bacteria) oxidizes organic matter for carbon and energy

Answer 26

Heterotrophic

Question 27

This type of bacteria have -<20°C temperature for optimum activity

Answer 27

Psychrophyllic

Question 28

This type of bacteria have -<25°C temperature for optimum activity

Answer 28

Mesophyllic

Question 29

This type of bacteria have -<45°C temperature for optimum activity

Answer 29

Thermophyllic

Question 30

In classification of bacteria according to gram staining, it is purple when stained and covered with peptidoglycan

Answer 30

Gram positive

Question 31

In classification of bacteria according to gram staining, it is red-pink when stained and covered with peptidoglycan with lipoprosaccharide

Answer 31

Gram negative

Question 32

In classification of bacteria according to gram staining, it is red-pink when stained and covered with peptidoglycan with lipoprosaccharide

Answer 32

Gram negative

Question 33

Lag paste exponential phase stationary phase and depth phase are ____ of bacteria

Answer 33

Growth phase

Question 34

The bacterial ____ represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time A) growth phase B) growth curve

Answer 34

B

Question 35

This initial phase is characterized by cellular activity but not growth. A small group of cells are placed in a nutrient rich medium that allows them to synthesize proteins and other molecules necessary for replication. These cells increase in size but no cell division occurs in the phase.

Answer 35

Lag phase

Question 36

This is the time when the *cells are dividing by binary fission* and doubling in numbers after each generation time. Metabolic activity is high in DNA, RNA, cell wall components, and other substances necessary for growth are generated for division. It is in this growth phase that *antibiotics and disinfectants are most effective* as this substances typically target bacteria cell walls are the protein synthesis process of DNA transcription in RNA translation.

Answer 36

Exponential (log ) phase

Question 37

They resemble molds—filamentous and produce protein bodies. They have mycelial threads that is smaller than fungi. Is unicellular and simplify complex and resistant organic compounds

Answer 37

Actinomycetes

Question 38

In sterile petri plates, a series of dilution is prepared. What does 1:1000 dilution mean?

Answer 38

1 part soil suspended in 999 parts distilled sterile production

Question 39

Used to determine bacterial concentration without the need for advanced equipment

Answer 39

Direct count

Question 40

Plate counting is used to estimate the number of viable cells that are present in a sample

Answer 40

Viable count

Question 41

Compounds resistant to microbial actions are formed

Answer 41

Humus

Question 42

A type of composting that uses earthworms

Answer 42

Vermicomposting

Question 43

*Eudrilus eugeniae* is also known as ____

Answer 43

African Night Crawler (ANC)