M8&10

Question 1

The major sources of ______ are the world’s natural gas and petroleum deposits.

Answer 1

ALKANES

Question 2

consists chiefly of METHANE but also contains ethane, propane, and butane.

Answer 2

NATURAL GAS

Question 3

a complex MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS that must be separated into fractions and then further refined before it can be used.

Answer 3

PETROLEUM

Question 4

ALKANES boiling point & melting point

Answer 4

BP & MP increases as MW increases

Question 5

____ lowers an alkane’s boiling point

Answer 5

BRANCHING

Question 6

separates crude mixtures of alkanes based on DIFFERENCES IN BOILING POINT

Answer 6

FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

Question 7

Alkanes are sometimes referred to as

Answer 7

PARAFFINS

Question 8

parum affinis means

Answer 8

SLIGHT AFFINITY

Question 9

reaction of an ALKANE with O2

Answer 9

COMBUSTION

Question 10

ALKANE + OXYGEN

Answer 10

COMBUSTION

Question 11

ALKANE + OXYGEN (combustion) products

Answer 11

CARBON DIOXIDE
WATER
HEAT

Question 12

ALKANE + Cl2

Answer 12

HALOGENATION

Question 13

ALKENES are also called

Answer 13

OLEFINS

Question 14

(ripening of fruits)

Answer 14

ETHYLENE

Question 15

(major component of turpentine)

Answer 15

α-pinene

Question 16

(orange pigment, source of Vit A)

Answer 16

β-carotene

Question 17

_____ alkenes are MORE stable than their ____ isomers

Answer 17

TRANS, CIS

Question 18

ALKENE + HX

Answer 18

HYDROHALOGENATION

Question 19

ALKENE + HX product

Answer 19

ALKYL HALIDE, RX

Question 20

the H attaches to the carbon with fewer alkyl substituents, and the X attaches to the carbon with more alkyl substituents (MORE BRANCHED).

Answer 20

MARKOVNIKOV’S RULE

Question 21

when ONLY ONE of the two possible orientation of addition occurs

Answer 21

REGIOSPECIFIC

Question 22

ALKENE + WATER (& heat)

Answer 22

HYDRATION

Question 24

• Mercury (II) acetate in aqueous THF
  (tetrahydrofuran)
• Sodium borohydride

Answer 24

OXYMERCURATION-DEMERCURATION

Question 25

* Borane * Basic Hydrogen peroxide

Answer 25

HYDROBORATION

Question 26

uses enzymes as catalyst

Answer 26

ENZYMATIC HYDRATION

Question 27

ALKENE + X2

Answer 27

HALOGENATION

Question 28

ALKENE + X2 product

Answer 28

dihaloalkanes

Question 29

Test for Unsaturation

Answer 29

addition of Br2

Question 30

ALKENES + H2

Answer 30

HYDROGENATION

Question 32

addition of H, removal of O

Answer 32

REDUCTION

Question 33

removal of H, addition of O

Answer 33

OXIDATION

Question 34

HYDROGENATION catalyst

Answer 34

Pd or Pt

Question 35

Oxidation of Alkenes: Addition of –OH

Answer 35

HYDROXYLATION

Question 36

Alkene + potassium permanganate, KMnO4 in BASIC solution

Answer 36

HYDROXYLATION

Question 37

product of HYDROXYLATION

Answer 37

DIOL / GLYCOL

Question 38

splitting of molecule

Answer 38

CLEAVAGE

Question 39

Alkene + potassium permanganate, KMnO4 in ACIDIC solution

Answer 39

CLEAVAGE

Question 40

CLEAVAGE product

Answer 40

C=O

Question 41

a large (sometimes very large) molecule built up by REPETITIVE BONDING together of many smaller molecules

Answer 41

POLYMER

Question 42

smaller molecules

Answer 42

MONOMERS

Question 43

RADICALS + ALKENES

Answer 43

POLYMERIZATION

Question 44

Multiple bonds that alternate with single bonds are said to be

Answer 44

CONJUGATED