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M9 > M9 > Flashcards

M9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Morpheus law

A

If something ca go wrong sooner or later it will go wrong

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2
Q

In 1940 approx what percentage of aircraft related accidents was related to human error

A

70%

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3
Q

In 1986 in a study to work out causes of 93 aircraft how much was down to maintenance and inspection deficiencies

A

12%

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4
Q

What is anthropometrics

A

The study of the dimensions and abilities of the human body

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5
Q

What is the cornea

A

Clear window at the front of the eye

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6
Q

How much of the total focussing ability is the cornea responsible for

A

70%-80% and this is called refraction

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7
Q

What is the coloured part of the eye

A

The iris

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the iris

A

Controls the amount of light entering the eye

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9
Q

Where is the pupil

A

The dark centre of the iris

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10
Q

What factor can the light be changed in the iris

A

5:1

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11
Q

What is the change of shape of the lens called

A

Accommodation

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12
Q

What two light sensitive cells are found in the retina

A

Cones and rods

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13
Q

What are the purpose of the cones

A

They function in good light and responsible for detecting fine detail and are colour sensitive

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14
Q

What are the purpose of the rods in the retina

A

Cannot detect colour and poor at detecting fine detail but good at detecting movement at the edge of the visual field (peripheral vision)

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15
Q

Where does the blind spot occur in the eye

A

The point where the optic nerve joins the back of the eye

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16
Q

How many nerve cells does the eye have

A

Around 1.2 million

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17
Q

How many times more sensitive is are the eyes compared to the ear

A

About 24 times

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18
Q

How many nerve cells in the ears

A

50,000

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19
Q

What is visual acuity

A

The ability of the eye to discriminate sharp detail at varying distances

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20
Q

How is visual acuity tested

A

By using a snellen chart

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21
Q

What is the correct term for short sightedness

A

Myopia

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22
Q

What is the correct term for long sightedness

A

Hypermetropia

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23
Q

What is hypermyopia (long sightedness) caused by

A

A shorter than normal eye ball

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24
Q

What is the cause of myopia

A

A longer than normal eye ball

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25
Q

What are cataracts

A

Clouding of the lens normally caused by aging

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26
Q

What is astigmatism

A

A misshapen cornea

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27
Q

What is glaucoma

A

A build up in pressure of the fluid within the eye

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28
Q

What is presbyopia

A

As a person ages the lens becomes less flexible meaning it is unable to accommodate sufficiently may need to wear glasses

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29
Q

What percentage of men and women are affected by colour vision deficiency

A

8% men and 0.5% of women

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30
Q

What is the most common form of colour vision deficiency

A

Between red and green

Blue and yellow is more rare

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31
Q

What CAP outlines what organisations should identify eyesight requirements band put in place suitable procedures

A

CAP 562 leaflet H60

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32
Q

What are the 2 basic functions of the ear

A
  • Detect sounds through vibrations in the air
  • Responsible for balance and sensing acceleration
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33
Q

What is the purpose of the outer ear

A

Receive vibrations from the air and turns them into nerve impulses that the brain can understand

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34
Q

What is the purpose of the middle ear

A

Transmits vibrations from the eardrum by the way of three small bones called the ossicles (hammer, anvil and stirrup)

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35
Q

What is used to help protect the ear from sounds above 80db

A

2 small muscles which can reduce the noice by 20db for 15 mins

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36
Q

What is in the inner ear

A

Filled with fluid, the last of the ossicles are also here and connected to a fine membrane called the basilar membrane

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37
Q

What is the measure of the intensity of sound measured in

A

Db or decibels

38
Q

What is the typical hearing frequency range able to be heard by a young person

A

20 to 20,000Hz

39
Q

What is the most sensitive range of hearing

A

3000hz

40
Q

What is the

A
41
Q

What is the purpose of the control of noise at work act 2005

A

Employers must provide hearing protection in areas over 85db

42
Q

What is the combination of duration and intensity of noise described as

A

Noise dose

43
Q

What noise intensity is considered as noise dose

A

Anything above 80db

44
Q

How much can noise be reduced by wearing ear defenders and ear plugs

A

Plugs - 20db
Deffs - 40db

45
Q

What is presbycusis

A

Hearing deteriorates naturally as one gets older

46
Q

What are the 4 types of attention

A
  • Selective
  • Divided
  • Focussed
  • Sustained
47
Q

What is sustained attention

A

Ability to remain alert over long periods

48
Q

What can perception be defined by

A

The process of assembling sensations into a usable mental representation of the world

49
Q

What 2 things are the ultra short term memory split into

A
  • Iconic
  • Echoic
50
Q

What is iconic memory

A

Stores visual information for upto half a second

51
Q

What is Echoic memory

A

Stores information received a sound for up to 2 seconds

52
Q

Short term memory

A

Stores small mount of information 5-9 items for 10-20 seconds

53
Q

Long term memory

A

Appears to be unlimited and is split into semantic and episodic memory

54
Q

Semantic memory

A

General functional knowledge

55
Q

Episodic memory

A

Memory of specific events

56
Q

What are the motor programmes

A

Movements made up of sub routines. Series of movements become automatic after time

57
Q

What is short term memory also known as

A

Working memory

58
Q

Risky shift

A

A group might come to an outcome that may be riskier than what an individual may do

59
Q

Social loafing

A

Individuals may work less hard on a task when they know others are doing it

60
Q

What are Maslows two different sets of motivational forces

A
  • Basic needs
  • Self actualisation needs
61
Q

What are basic needs

A

Physiological, safety, breathing

62
Q

Self actualisation needs

A

Love, esteem, creativity

63
Q

What type of exercise is recommended

A

Double the resting pulse rate for 20 mins 3 times a week

64
Q

What is physical stress

A

Heat, cold, noise, vibration

65
Q

What is psychological stress

A

Emotional upset

66
Q

How much sleep is required to prevent a deficit

A

8 hours every 24 otherwise you create a sleep deficits

67
Q

What is the only thing that can reduce a sleep deficit

A

Sleep

68
Q

Carcadium rhythm is how many hours a day

A

25

69
Q

Ear is sensitive between the frequencies of

A

20hz and 20khz

70
Q

Noises of what intensity are not recommended

A

115db per day

71
Q

Vibration of what frequency will cause white finger

A

50-150hz

72
Q

What is software

A

Maintenance procedures and manuals

73
Q

What is hardware

A

Tools, test equipment, structure of aircraft

74
Q

What is environment

A

Physical environment such as conditions in the hangar

75
Q

What is liveware

A

The person or people at the centre of the model

76
Q

What is the error chain

A

Incident was preventable and could have been avoided if any one of a number of things had been done differently

77
Q

What are slips

A

Tried to do as intended but did procedure wrong

78
Q

What are lapses

A

Someone has failed to do something.

79
Q

What are routine violations

A

Things that might become the normal way of doing things

80
Q

What are optimising violations

A

Breaking rules for kicks

81
Q

What are situational violations

A

Due to a particular factor that occurs at the time

82
Q

What are exceptional violations

A

Circumstances make violations inevitable

83
Q

What is visual inspection type 1 error

A

When a good item is identified as faulty

84
Q

What is visual inspection type 2 error

A

When a faulty item is missed

85
Q

What is MORS

A

Mandatory Occurrence Reporting Scheme

86
Q

What is CHIRP

A

Independent reporting system

87
Q

What is just culture

A

Maintenance errors openly reported

88
Q

What is SMS

A

Safety Management System

To capture errors

89
Q

What are the 2 forms of stress

A
  • Acute
  • Chronic
90
Q

What is task lighting

A

Local area lighting in addition to main lighting

91
Q

In the study what were maintenance and inspection deficiencies

A

12%

M9 (1 decks)

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