Macrolides Flashcards
Name some macrolides
Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Azithromycin
Name some indications for Azithromcyin
Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, pneumonia - swear used in winter months for COPD exacerbation prophylaxis
Name some indications for Clarithromcyin
resp tract infection, H pyloris
Name some indications for erythromcyin
Acne, chlamydia, skin and oral infections
What are the contraindications with erythromcyin
Should not be given to patients with a history of QT interval prolongation
What is the mode of action for macrolides
Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
What is the spectrum of activity?
Gram positive and negative
What gram positive organisms does it have activity against?
Staphylococcus aureus
S. pneumoniae
What gram negative organisms does it have activity against?
Compylobacter, haemiphilus influenzae
What are the interactions with macrolides?
Risk of rhabdo when given with statins
Risk of torsade de pointes with aminophylline, steroids b2 agonists and diuretics
Macrolides increase the exposure of ivabradinem diltiazem, digoxin, verapamil and warfarin.
Are macrolides safe in pregnancy?
Only erythromycin
What is the interaction between erythromycin and rivaroxaban
risk of bleeding
What macrolide is safe to take alongside statins
Azithromycin
What drugs when taken alongside a macrolide can cause QT interval prolongation?
Anti-psychotics, lithium and citalopram.
What are the side effects that are associated with macrolides specifically?
Antibiotic associated colitis
Hearing impairment
Hypotension
Paraesthesia
QT prolongation
Taste disturbance
