Macromolecules Flashcards
(25 cards)
Macromolecules
Polymers made of repeating monomers
What are the four major macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid.
Carbohydrates monomer
Sugars or monosaccharides
Lipids monomer
Fatty acids and glycerol
Proteins monomer
Amino acids
Nucleic acid monomer
Nucleotides
What is carbohydrates polymer?
Polysaccharides
Example: glucose, sucrose, photos, starch, cellulose.
Lipid polymer
Triglyceride
Nucleic acids parts
1.) 5 – carbon sugar.
2.) phosphate group
3.) nitrogenous base
What do carbohydrates do?
They are the main source of energy for living things; quick energy and use for structural purposes
What do lipids do?
Long-term energy storage, they build biological membranes and waterproof coverings
What do proteins do?
They control Rita cell processes that form important tell your structures, and they transport substances in and out of the cell.
What do nucleic acids do?
They store and transmit, hereditary or genetic information
What is a saturated fat?
Lack double bonds between carbon atoms
What is unsaturated fat?
There’s at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain of carbon
What is dehydration synthesis?
This is a process when monomers convert to polymers
What is hydrolysis?
Hydrolysis is a process in which a polymer converts to monomer
What does organic mean?
Organic is a term relating to living matter
What is a monosaccharide?
Monosaccharides are the simplest forms of sugar in the most basic units for which all carbohydrates are built
What is a disaccharide?
A disaccharide, or a devil sugar, sugar form into monosaccharides are joined
What is a polysaccharide?
A carbohydrate, whose molecules consist of several sugar molecules bonded together.
How many bonds can carbon form?
Carbon can form four Bonds
Where can you find carboxyl?
In protein 
Where can amino be found?
proteins
