Macromolecules Flashcards
Carbs CHO ratio
1:2:1
Lipids CHO ratio
1:2:very few
Proteins CHON ratio
No ratio
Nucleic acids CHONP
No ratio
Carbs elements
CHO
Lipids elements
CHO
Proteins elements
CHON
Nucleic acids elements
CHONP
Carbs function(s)
- short term energy storage
- structures (cell walls and exoskeletons)
Lipids function
- Long term energy storage
- insulates body
- cushions body organs
Proteins function
- transports oxygen
- structural support
- enzymes
- receptors (cell membranes)
- defense
Nucleic acids function
- instructions for making proteins
- genetic information passed from parents to offspring
Carbs monomer
Monosaccharide
Lipids monomer
Triglyceride (glycerol plus 3 fatty acids)
Proteins monomer
Amino acids (20)
Nucleic acids monomer
Nucleotide (5-C sugar plus phosphate plus nitrogen base)
Carbs examples
- Glycogen
- Chitin
- Cellulose
- gluctose, fructose, galactose
- sucrose, lactose, maltose
Proteins examples
- Hemoglobin
- catalase
- antibodies
- keratin
- Actin/Myosin (muscles)
Nucleic acids examples
DNA, RNA
Carbs functional groups
-OH (hydroxyl)
Lipids functional group(s)
- CH3 (methyl)
- OH
Proteins functional group(s)
- NH2 (amino)
- COOH (carboxyl)
Nucleic acids functional group
-PO4
-OH
Hydroxyl
