Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Hydration Flashcards Preview

NASM CPT Study Guide Domain 1 > Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Hydration > Flashcards

Flashcards in Macronutrients, Micronutrients, Hydration Deck (23)
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1
Q

Glycogen

A

Complex carbohydrate used to store energy in liver and muscle tissue

3
Q

Protein

A

Amino acids linked by peptide bonds

4
Q

Fiber

A

Complex carbohydrate; provides bulk in diet and intestinal health; regulates absorption of glucose

5
Q

Complete protein

A

Supplies all essential amino acids

8
Q

Nonessential amino acids

A

Can be manufactured by the body

9
Q

Monounsaturated fatty acid

A

Lipid missing one hydrogen; one double bond

10
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Sugars, starches, and fiber; chief source of energy

11
Q

Micronutrients

A

Vitamins and minerals needed for health

12
Q

Hydration

A

3L per day for males, 2.2L for women

14
Q

Saturated fatty acid

A

Raises “bad” cholesterol

15
Q

Unsaturated fatty acid

A

Increases “good” HDL cholesterol; decreases risk of heart disease

18
Q

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

A

Lipids with more than one point of unsaturation

21
Q

Disaccharides

A

Two sugar units (sucrose, lactose, maltose)

23
Q

Essential amino acids

A

Cannot be manufactured by the body; must be obtained from food

There are 8

24
Q

Toxicity

A

Degree to which a substance causes harm

25
Q

Incomplete protein

A

Contains less than all 8 essential amino acids

28
Q

Glucose

A

Simple sugar made by the body from carbs, fats, and sometimes protein; main source of fuel

30
Q

Triglycerides

A

Chemical form of most fat in food and in the body

31
Q

Trans-fatty acids

A

Used to increase shelf life in foods; raises bad and lowers good cholesterol

32
Q

Soluble fiber

A

Dissolved by water; helps lower blood glucose and cholesterol

33
Q

Insoluble fiber

A

Does not desolve in water

34
Q

Monosaccharide

A

A single sugar unit (glucose, fructose)

35
Q

Glycemic index

A

The rate carb sources raise blood sugar and the effect on insulin release

High = > 70
Moderate = 56-69
Low = < 55