mahoney 1

Question 1

Grading of pulses

Answer 1

• 0/4 = absent
• 1/4 = weakly palpated
• 2/4 = normal
• 3/4 = bounding (WIDE PULSE PRESSURE)
• 4/4 = strongest, usually associated with thrill or bruit

Question 2

What types of disorders are associated with bounding pulses with wide pulse pressure

Answer 2

• F = Fever
• A = Aortic insufficiency
• C = Complete heart block
• T = thyrotoxicosis
• S = Systolic Htn

Question 3

Edema

Answer 3

• non-pitting edema = protein rich exudate
• Pitting edema = protein poor exudate
  
  • Grade pitting edemas
    
    • 1+ = indentation 2 mm
    • 2+ = indentation 4mm
    • 3+ = indentation 6 mm
    • 4+ = indentation 8mm

Question 4

what does Turger measuer

Answer 4

the level of hydration of the skin

• the speed at which it returns into place after pinching skin

Question 5

Types of lesions = Flat, non-palpable

Answer 5

Macule < .5cm

Patch > .5cm

Question 6

Type of lesion = palpable, solid

Answer 6

papule = < .5cm

nodule = .5 to 1 cm

Tumor = > 1cm

Plaque = > .5 cm elevated surface formed by coalescence of papules

Question 7

type of lesion = clear and fluid filled

Answer 7

vesicle <.5 cm

Bulla > .5cm

Question 8

type of lesion = cloudy, pus filled

Answer 8

pustule <.5 cm

abscess > .5cm

Question 9

Ulcer classificiation *** (Texas)

Answer 9

Question 10

Muscle strength grading system

Answer 10

• 5/5 = normal
• 4/5 = movement against gravity, but less than normal
• 3/5 movement against gravity, bUT NOT AGAINST ADDED RESISTANCE
• 2/5 = movement at the jonit, but NOT AGAINST GRAVITY
• 1/5 = visible muscle movement, but no movement at the joint
• 0/5 = no muscle movement

Question 11

corticospinal or pyramidal tract

Answer 11

mediate voluntary movement, particularly fine, disrete, conscious movement

problem = stroke (CVA)

Question 12

Extrapyramidal tract

Answer 12

help maintain muscle tone and to control body movements, esp gross automatic movements, such as walking

Problem = parkinsons

Question 13

cerebellar system

Answer 13

receives both sensory and motor input and coordinates mucular activity

• maintains equilibirum and helps control posture

Question 14

Lateral spinothalamic tract

Answer 14

• also called small fiber tract due to composition of C and A -delta fibers
  
  • associated with SHARP AND DULL PAIN
  • temperature
  • crude touch
  • patient complains of burning, cramping

Question 15

posterior column

Answer 15

• also called large fiber tract due to composition of A-alpha fibers
  
  • position
  • vibration
  • fine touch
  • compains of pins and needles or electric shock sensation

Question 16

knee reflex nerve roots***

Answer 16

L2, L3, L4

Question 17

Ankle reflex nerve rotos***

Answer 17

S1, S2

Question 18

APGAR SCORE

Answer 18

A = appearance

P = Pulse

G = Grimace

A = Activity

R = Respirations

(score of at least 7 out of 10)

Question 19

Developmental landmarks

Answer 19

• 3 months = lift head
• 6 months = control head position while sitting
• 6 months = crawl
• 9 months = pulls self to stand
• 14 months = walk
• 18 months = ascends stairs with 2 hand support
• pedal tricycle = 3 years
• 5 years old = heel-toe walk
• 6 years = skipping