Maintaining a healthy weight/nutrition and obesity

Question 1

What factors affect appetite? Compare/contrast appetite and hunger.

Answer 1

Hunger is a biological impulse

Appetite is a
product of sensory stimuli and perceived pleasure

Appetite -Desire to eat
Hunger- Biological signal through the body to eat

Question 2

Describe the rates of obesity in the US and factors contributing to obesity

Answer 2

Obesity- 40% of US Adults (39.8%)
Overweight - 70% of US Adults (71.6%)
-Genetics
-Environment
-Behavior

Question 3

What is NEAT?

Answer 3

Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis
-Activities in Daily Living

Question 4

Describe how someone’s waist circumference is related to their health. Where do you measure for an accurate waist circumference?

Answer 4

Waist circumference is an estimator of abdominal obesity.
You measure just above the hip bone

Question 5

Differentiate between pear and apple shaped fat patterning

Answer 5

Pear Body is more common in women
Apple Body is more common in men and higher in risk for chronic diseases

Question 6

How does being obese negatively affect your health?

Answer 6

It can cause
-Heart Disease and Hypertension
-Type 2 Diabetes
-Gout
-Sleep Apnea

Question 7

Know the components that make up one’s energy expenditure

Answer 7

Basal Metabolism 60%
Thermic Effect of Food 10%
Activity Energy Expenditure 30%

Question 8

Be able to describe BMI and the BMI ranges discussed in the text

Answer 8

18.5 kg- Underweight
18.5-24.9kg - Normal Weight
25.29.9kg - Overweight
>30kg - Obese

Question 9

at what BMI do we see increased risk for chronic disease

Answer 9

30 and above

Question 10

What are ghrelin and leptin?

Answer 10

Ghrelin- Stimulates Hunger
Produced in the stomach
Leptin- Suppresses hunger Produced by adipose tissues

Question 11

How can we test body composition?

Answer 11

DEXA Scan, Skinfold

Question 12

Describe the forms of weight loss surgery discussed in the textbook

Answer 12

RNY Gastric Bypass, Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Question 13

Do these surgeries impact gut hormone production for satiety/hunger?

Answer 13

Yes, causes change in gut hormone

Question 14

Obesity is related/linked to what chronic diseases

Answer 14

Cardiovascular Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, Insulin Resistance, Premature Mortality

Question 15

Studies indicate that those who have successfully maintained long-term weight loss typically perform what type of habits?

Answer 15

frequent self-monitoring and self-weighing, reduced calorie intake, increased physical activity

Question 16

Describe/list strategies for successful weight loss

Answer 16

Set Realistic Goals for weight loss and changes in diet, Monitor intake with food log, Increase physical activity

Question 17

What is positive energy balance? What is negative energy balance?

Answer 17

POSITIVE- occurs when calorie intake exceeds calorie output.

NEGATIVE- occurs when calorie output exceeds intake. “Normal” or “desirable” weight which is statistically correlated to good health.

Question 18

18. describe visceral and subcutaneous fat.

Answer 18

Visceral- Excess fat that develops overtime around the abdomen

Subcutaneous- Fat just beneath the skin

Question 19

Be able to calculate BMI, BMR and TEE

Answer 19

BMI- 703xWeight/Height2(inches)
BMR- Weight/Activity Level
TotalxGender=BMR
TDEE- BMRxActivity Factor