Major blood vessels in the neck : their branches and tributaries

Question 1

What does the common carotid artery run with?

Answer 1

The common carotid artery runs with the internal jugular and vagus nerve in the carotid sheath

Question 2

What does the internal carotid artery arise from?

Answer 2

The internal carotid artery from the common carotid at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

Question 3

The internal carotid artery has no…

Answer 3

branches in the neck

Question 4

Where does the internal carotid enter?

Answer 4

The internal carotid enters the skull; becomes the main artery of the brain and the orbit

Question 5

What does the external carotid artery supply?

Answer 5

The external carotid artery supplies the structures external to the skull

Question 6

Where does each artery[external carotid artery] run?

Answer 6

Each artery runs between the neck of the mandible & lobule of auricle

Question 7

The carotid sinus is the :

Answer 7

Dilatation of the proximal part of the internal carotid artery

Question 8

What does the carotid sinus contain?

Answer 8

The carotid sinus contains receptors sensitive to changes in blood pressure

Question 9

The carotid body is a :

Answer 9

• small mass of tissue located at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery
• chemoreceptor; responds to changes in chemical composition of blood

Question 10

Branches of the external carotid artery :

Answer 10

• Superior thyroid
• Ascending pharyngeal *Lingual
• Facial
• Occipital
• Posterior auricular
• Maxillary
• Superficial temporal

Question 11

The superior thyroid artery is the most…

Answer 11

inferior of all the branches

Question 12

Where does the superior thyroid artery run?

Answer 12

The superior thyroid artery runs deep to the infrahyoid muscles to reach thyroid

Question 13

Which structures does the superior thyroid artery supply?

Answer 13

Branches to the thyroid gland, sternocleidomastoid, infrahyoid muscles

Question 14

What does the superior thyroid artery give rise to?

Answer 14

The superior thyroid artery gives rise to superior laryngeal artery that supplies the larynx

Question 15

The ascending pharyngeal artery ascends on…

Answer 15

the pharynx deep to the internal carotid artery

Question 16

The ascending pharyngeal artery sends…

Answer 16

branches to the pharynx, prevertebral muscles, middle ear, cranial meninges

Question 17

The lingual artery passes deep to the…

Answer 17

hypoglossal nerve, stylohyoid & posterior belly of digastric muscles

Question 18

What does the lingual artery become when it passes deep to the hyoglossus muscle?

Answer 18

The lingual artery passes deep to the hyoglossus muscle where it becomes deep lingual artery

Question 19

What does the facial artery give off?

Answer 19

The facial artery gives off tonsillar branch, branches to palate & submandibular gland

Question 20

Where does the facial artery pass?

Answer 20

The facial artery passes under the digastric, stylohyoid muscles & angle of mandible

Question 21

How does the facial artery loop and where does it enter?

Answer 21

The facial artery loops anteriorly and enters the deep groove in the submandibular gland

Question 22

What does the facial artery hook around?

Answer 22

The facial artery hooks around inferior border of mandible and enters the face

Question 23

Where does the posterior auricular artery ascend?

Answer 23

The posterior auricular artery ascends posterior to external
acoustic meatus

Question 24

Which structures does the posterior auricular artery supply?

Answer 24

The posterior auricular artery supplies adjacent muscles,
parotid gland, structures in
temporal bone, auricle, scalp

Question 25

Where does the occipital artery pass?

Answer 25

The occipital artery passes along the inferior border of | posterior belly of digastric

Question 26

Where does the occipital artery end?

Answer 26

The occipital artery ends in the posterior part of the scalp

Question 27

Name the terminal branches of the external carotid artery.

Answer 27

* Maxillary artery | * *Superficial temporal artery

Question 28

Where does the maxillary artery arise?

Answer 28

The maxillary artery arises posterior to the neck of the mandible & deep to its condyle

Question 29

Where does the maxillary artery pass?

Answer 29

The maxillary artery passes deep to lateral pterygoid muscle- enters infra-temporal fossa

Question 30

The maxillary artery is divided into 3 parts. State which structures each part supplies.

Answer 30

1st : supplies tympanic membrane, dura, mandibular teeth 2nd : muscles of mastication 3rd : maxillary teeth, face, orbit, palate, nasal cavity

Question 31

Where does the superficial temporal artery emerge?

Answer 31

The superficial temporal artery emerges on the face between the temporomandibular joint and the ear

Question 32

Where does the superficial temporal artery end?

Answer 32

The superficial temporal artery ends in the scalp by dividing into frontal & parietal branches

Question 33

What does the superficial temporal artery give off?

Answer 33

The superficial temporal artery gives off the transverse facial artery within the parotid gland

Question 34

Which structures does the superficial temporal artery supply?

Answer 34

The superficial temporal artery supplies the parotid gland, duct, masseter muscle, skin of face

Question 35

The veins of the neck which return blood from the head and the face are :

Answer 35

External Jugular; Anterior Jugular; Posterior External Jugular; Internal Jugular; Vertebral

Question 36

Where does the external jugular vein receive blood?

Answer 36

The external jugular vein receives the greater part of blood from the exterior of the cranium & deep parts of the face

Question 37

What is the external jugular vein formed by?

Answer 37

The external jugular vein is formed by the junction of posterior division of retromandibular with posterior auricular vein

Question 38

Where does the external jugular vein begin?

Answer 38

The external jugular vein begins in the substance of the parotid gland

Question 39

What does the external jugular vein cross?

Answer 39

The external jugular vein crosses the sternocleidomastoid obliquely; perforates deep fascia, ends in subclavian vein

Question 40

List the tributaries of the external jugular vein.

Answer 40

* Posterior external jugular * Transverse cervical * Transverse scapular * Anterior jugular veins

Question 41

Where does the posterior external jugular vein begin?

Answer 41

The posterior external jugular vein begins in the occipital region

Question 42

Where does the posterior external jugular vein return blood?

Answer 42

The posterior external jugular vein returns blood from the skin and superficial muscles in upper & back part of neck

Question 43

What does the posterior external jugular vein run down?

Answer 43

The posterior external jugular vein runs down the back part of the neck

Question 44

What does the posterior external jugular vein open into?

Answer 44

The posterior external jugular vein opens into the external jugular vein just below the middle of its course

Question 45

Where does the anterior jugular vein begin?

Answer 45

The anterior jugular vein begins near the hyoid bone by confluence of several superficial veins from submaxillary region

Question 46

Where does the anterior jugular vein descend?

Answer 46

The anterior jugular vein descends between median line & anterior border of Sternocleidomastoid

Question 47

What does the anterior jugular vein open into?

Answer 47

The anterior jugular vein opens into the termination of external jugular or subclavian vein

Question 48

List the tributaries of the anterior jugular vein.

Answer 48

* Laryngeal veins * Thyroid vein * Two anterior jugular veins communicate by a transverse trunk - venous jugular arch (receive tributaries from inferior thyroid veins; each also communicates with internal jugular)

Question 49

Where does the internal jugular vein collect blood?

Answer 49

The internal jugular vein collects blood from brain from superficial parts of face & neck

Question 50

Where does the internal jugular vein begin?

Answer 50

The internal jugular vein begins in the posterior compartment of jugular foramen at base of skull

Question 51

What does the internal jugular vein run down?

Answer 51

The internal jugular vein runs down the side of the neck in a vertical direction

Question 52

List the tributaries of the internal jugular vein.

Answer 52

* Inferior petrosal sinus. * Common facial * Lingual * Pharyngeal * Superior& middle thyroid veins

Question 53

Where is the vertebral vein formed?

Answer 53

The vertebral vein is formed in the suboccipital triangle from numerous small tributaries which spring from internal vertebral venous plexuses  

Question 54

List the tributaries of the vertebral vein.

Answer 54

* Vertebral vein communicates with transverse sinus by a vein which passes through the condyloid canal * Occipital vein * Internal & external vertebral venous plexuses * Anterior vertebral & deep cervical veins

Question 55

Where does the anterior vertebral vein commence?

Answer 55

The anterior vertebral vein commences in a plexus around transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae

Question 56

What does the anterior vertebral vein descend with?

Answer 56

The anterior vertebral vein descends with the ascending cervical artery between scalenus anterior, longus capitis muscles

Question 57

What does the anterior vertebral vein open into?

Answer 57

The anterior vertebral vein opens into the terminal part of the vertebral vein