Major Groups of Organisms

Question 1

what are the major kinds of organisms?

Answer 1

bacteria
archaea
eucarya

Question 2

when was the earliest land-plant fossil? how did this evolve?

Answer 2

Ordovician period
symbiotic mutualism of green algae and fungus

Question 3

describe the evolution of land plants

Answer 3

stomata for gas exchange
vascular system for transport
waxy cuticle for waterproofing
seeds to pack nutrients or dispersal

Question 4

what features of angiosperm make them dominant in the kingdom plantae?

Answer 4

faster growth
highly efficient pollination systems

Question 5

using porifera as an example, describe the evolution of sponges

Answer 5

evolved from protists
protists resembled the extant protist group choanoflagellates
choanoflagellates are colonial which leads to multicellularity

Question 6

describe bilateral evolution

Answer 6

bilateral symmetry often with triploblastic arrangement of tissues
associated with cephalisation
mouth for leading end
sense organs near the mouth
locomotion

Question 7

describe locomotion

Answer 7

fluid-filled coelom
segmented body
partitions called septa
peristalsis movement

Question 8

describe arthropods

Answer 8

rigid (mineralisation), tubular exoskeleton (sclerotisation)