Major Neurocognitive Disorders

Question 1

neurocognitive disorder is the new term for ?

Answer 1

dimentia

Question 2

what are the 5 main cognitive components

Answer 2

1. attention
2. visual perception processing
3. information processing
4. memory
5. executive function

Question 3

what cognitive process underlies all other cognitive processes?

Answer 3

attention

Question 4

5 components of attention

Answer 4

1. sustained
2. selective
3. focused
4. alternating
5. divided

Question 5

what is focused attention

Answer 5

ability to respond to specific stimuli and maintain the vigilant response for any period of time

Question 6

what is sustained attention

Answer 6

ability to focus on an activity or stimulus for long period fo time

Question 7

what is selective attention

Answer 7

ability to chose a stimulus and focus on it

Question 8

what is alternating attention

Answer 8

switch focus from stimuli to stimuli that require different cognitive demands

Question 9

what is divided attention

Answer 9

ability to focus on more than one things a time simultaneously and process and respond to the 2 things at the same time

Question 10

deficits in visual perceptual processing can lead to? (5)

Answer 10

1. agnosia
2. apraxia
3. visual spatial disorders
4. body scheme disorder
5. inattention/ neglect

Question 11

inability to recognize or interpret sensory info despite having intact sensory receptors

Answer 11

agnosia

Question 12

difficulty with motor planning to perform a task, don’t know what to do with a given object

Answer 12

apraxia

Question 13

not seeing white socks on white sheets is an example of?

Answer 13

visual spatial disorder

Question 14

not knowing where the body
is in space or where limbs are in relation to each
other, or cant follow directions when someone tells
you where to move what body part

Answer 14

body scheme disorder

Question 15

can’t respond to or orient stimuli on opposite side of body

Answer 15

neglect

Question 16

what are the 3 components of information processing

Answer 16

1. speed: how fast
2. capacity: how much
3. control: guides selection of what to process

Question 17

what is insight

Answer 17

understanding the motivational forces behind ones actions, thoughts, or behaviours - self knowledge

Question 18

alzhemiers disease usually co-exists with ?

Answer 18

vascular dimentia

Question 19

10 warning signs of dimentia?

Answer 19

1. memory loss that affects day to day function
2. difficulty performing familiar tasks
3. problems with language
4. disorientation of time and place
5. poor or decreased judgement
6. problems with abstract thinking
7. misplacing things
8. changes in mood and behaviour
9. changes in personality
10. loss of initiative

Question 20

7 stages of Alzheimer’s disease (global deterioration scale)

Answer 20

Stage 1: No cognitive decline
Stage 2: Very mild cognitive decline
Stage 3: Mild cognitive decline
Stage 4: Moderate cognitive decline
Stage 5: Moderately severe cognitive decline
Stage 6: Severe cognitive decline
Stage 7: Very severe cognitive

Question 21

what is “mixed dimentia”

Answer 21

alzheimers coexisting with vascular dimentia

Question 22

lewy body dimentia can occur alone or with ?

Answer 22

alzheimers or parkinsons

Question 23

lewy body dimentia involves any 2 of: (3)

Answer 23

1. hallucinations
2. repeated unexplained falls
3. fluctuation in mental state not delirium

Question 24

term for group of rare disorders that affect frontal and

temporal lobes of the

Answer 24

fronto-temporal dimentia

Question 25

caused by infectious proteins called prions which can attack the brain, kill cells and create gaps or holes in b

Answer 25

creutzfeldt- jakob disease

Question 26

degenerative brain disorder caused by the lack of thiamine | (vitamin B

Answer 26

wernicke- korsakoff syndrome

Question 27

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome results from?

Answer 27

may result from alcohol abuse, dietary deficiencies, prolonged vomiting, eating disorders, or the effects of chemo

Question 28

what type of dimentia does confabulation exist with? and what is confabulation ?

Answer 28

wernicke-korsakoff | - making up stories with bits or the truth

Question 29

CTE usually occurs ___ years after repetitive mild TBI or concussion

Answer 29

8-10 years

Question 30

what are the 3 stages of CTE

Answer 30

Stage 1: ADHD, confusion, disorientation, dizziness, and headaches. Stage2: memory loss, social instability, impulsive behaviour and poor judgment. Stage 3&4: progressive dementia, movement disorders, speech impediments, sensory processing disorder, tremors, vertigo, deafness, depression and suicidality

Question 31

what does BPSD stand for

Answer 31

Behavioural Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

Question 32

a diverse constellation of symptoms including calling out, verbal and physical aggression, agitation, apathy, hostility, sexual disinhibition, defiance, wandering, intrusiveness, repetitive behavior and/or vocalizations, hoarding, nocturnal restlessness, psychosis (hallucinations or delusions), emotional lability, and paranoid behaviours

Answer 32

BPSD

Question 33

what are the key symptoms of BPSD

Answer 33

aggression psychosis mood disorders agitation

Question 34

what are the ABC's of interventions for BPSD

Answer 34

- Antecedents (unmet needs- pain, toileting, hunger) - Behaviour desired (eg, reduced crying ,agitation, physical agression towards others) - Consequences: staff, residents, others at decreased risk of harm)

Question 35

dementia with abnormal protein blocking messages within the brain

Answer 35

lewy body dementia