Major types of cell, Specialized cells, and Cell Modification Flashcards by Dray Turry

Q

It is a simple unicellular organisms that do not have nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

A

Prokaryotes

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Q

Pro means “____” + “____“means kernel or nut

A

Before + karyon

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Q

Most of the prokaryotic cells’ genetic materials are stored in what region?

A

Nucleoid

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Q

An organism whose cell has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles.

A

Eukaryotes

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Q

It is an multicellular organism.

A

Eukaryotes

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Q

“eu” means ____ + “karyon” means ____

A

True/well + kernel or nut

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Q

Arrange it in order:

Family, Genus, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Species, Class.

A

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

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Q

Epithelial cell is a ___ cell

A

Eukaryotic

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Q

Thermopile is a ___ cell

A

Prokaryotic

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Q

Amoeba is a ____ cell

A

Eukaryotic

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Q

Staphylococcus aureaus (S. aureaus) is a ___ cell

A

Prokaryotic

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Q

A kingdom of bacteria that can live with extreme environment.

A

Archaea bacteria

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Q

A kingdom of bacteria that can easily die. It can only live up in 5°C to 60°C

A

Eubacteria

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Q

Name the following kingdom under eukaryotic cell

A

Protista, Fungi, Plantae and animalia.

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Q

Name the following kingdom under prokaryotic cell

A

Archaea bacteria and eubacteria

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

Its size is smaller

A

Prokaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

its size is large

A

Eukaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

its cell wall is present and chemically complex

A

Prokaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

its cell wall is only found in plants and its simple

A

Eukaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

it has no reproduction, rather it transfers DNA through conjugation

A

Prokaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

its sexual reproduction is meiosis

A

Eukaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

its cell division is binary fission

A

Prokaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

its cell division is mitosis

A

Eukaryotes

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Q

Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

The genetic material structure of this particular cell is circular; haploid

A

Prokaryotes

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Determine whether: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes The genetic material structure of this particular cell is linear; diploid

Eukaryotes

its size ranges from 0.1 to 5.0 µm

Prokaryotes

its size ranges from 10 to 100µm

Eukaryotic

Enumerate the specialised cells in animals

Red blood cell, White blood cell, Sperm cell, Egg cell, Nerve cell and muscle cell

What is the function of RBC?

Carry oxygen throughout the body

Enumerate the adaptation of an RBC

It has no nucleus,Biconcave shape and it contains hemoglobin

What is the scientific term for RBC?

erythrocyte

What's the function of WBC?

Plays an important role for our body's immune system

What is the scientific term for WBC?

leukocyte

Enumerate the adaptation of WBC

It has irregular shape and can produce antibodies and antitoxins.

What is the function of sperm cell?

Fertilize an egg cell to make a baby

What is the scientific term for sperm cell?

spermatocytes

Enumerate the adaptions of sperm cell

flagella, numerous mitochondria, Alkaline nature (basic)

What is the function of an egg cell?

Carries genetic materials

What's the scientific term for egg cell?

oocyte

Enumeration the adaptations of an egg cell

Large in size, chemical change in membrane to prevent fertilization of more than 1 sperm

What is the function of a nerve cell?

Carry nerve impulse all throughout the body

What is the scientific term for nerve cell?

neurons

Enumerate the adaptation of nerve cell

Long thin axon, branching dendrites and myelinated.

What is the function of a muscle cell?

To facilitate the movement

What is the scientific term from muscle cell?

myocyte

Enumerate the adaptation of the muscle cell

Elongated and elastic, Numerous mitochondria

What is the function of guard cell?

regulates rate of transpiration

What is the adaptation of guard cell?

cell wall has varying thickness

What is the function of root hair cell?

Absorbs water and minerals from the soil

What is/are the adaptation/s of a root hair cell?

Long and thin with large surface area.

It produces food through photosynthesis

Photosynthetic cells

Photo synthetic cells contains__

Numerous chloroplast

It transports water and mineral from the roots to the other parts of the cell

Xylem Vessel

It brings water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.

Xylem

It brings back the glucose from the leaves, back to its roots

Phloem

It has lignin but no protoplasm. Its cells form a continuous tube

Xylem Vessel

hair-like organelles extending from the cell surface

Cillia

What are the two types of cillia?

Non-motile/Primary Cillia and Motile

It is a type of cillia that its function is sensory

Non-motile/Primary Cillia

It is a type of cillia that its function is movement

Motile

It is long, whip-like, tail like structures made of proteins filament. It aids in movement

Flagella

It is small, slender, vascular,finger like projections. Increases surfaces area to increase absorption

Villi or microvilli

In what organ, does villi can be found?

Small intestines

Temporary extension of the cytoplasm. Also known as "false-feet"

Pseudopods

Its function is movement and ingestion (phagocytosis)

Pseudopods

Conjugative pili that allow for the transfer of DNA between bacteria, In the process of bacterial "conjugation"

Sex pili