Major Vertebrate Hormones

Question 1

Oxytocin (peptide)

Answer 1

stimulates uterine contraction and milk let-down; influences social behavior

Question 2

ADH (peptide)

Answer 2

Stimulates uptake of water from the kidneys; involved in pair bonding

Question 3

Thyroid Hormones (peptides)

Answer 3

Stimulate and maintain metabolism for development and growth

Question 4

Calcitonon (peptide)

Answer 4

Stimulates bone formation by osteoblasts

Question 5

Estrogen (steroid)

Answer 5

Stimulates developement of female secondary sexual characteristics and regulates reproductive behavior

Question 6

Progesterone (Steroid)

Answer 6

Maintains female secondary sexual characteristics and sustains pregnancy

Question 7

Testosterone (Steroid)

Answer 7

Stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics; regulates male reproductive behavior and stimulates sperm production

Question 8

Cortisol (steroid)

Answer 8

Regulates response to stress by increasing blood glucose levels and reduces inflammation

Question 9

releasing factors (peptides)

Answer 9

Stimulate secretion of anterior pituitary hormones

Question 10

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (Glycoprotein)

Answer 10

Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland

Question 11

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (glycoprotein)

Answer 11

Stimulates maturation of eggs in females; stimulates sperm production in males

Question 12

Luteinizing hormone (LH) (glycoprotein)

Answer 12

Stimulates production and secretion of sex horomes in ovaries (estrogen and progesterone) and testes (testosterone)

Question 13

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (Peptide)

Answer 13

stimulates production and release of cortisol

Question 14

Growth hormone (GH) (protein)

Answer 14

Stimulates protein synthesis and body growth

Question 15

Prolactin (protein)

Answer 15

stimulates milk production

Question 16

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone peptide)

Answer 16

Regulates skin and scale pigmentation

Question 17

(Nor-) Epinephrine (peptide)

Answer 17

Stimulates heart rate, blood flow to muscles, and elevation of blood glucose level as part of the fight or flight response

Question 18

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (protein)

Answer 18

Stimulates bone resoption by osteoclasts to increase blood Calcium levels

Question 19

Insulin (protein)

Answer 19

stimulates uptake of blood glucose and storage as glycogen

Question 20

Glucagon (protein)

Answer 20

Stimulates breakdown of glycogen and glucose release into blood

Question 21

Somatostatin (peptide)

Answer 21

inhibits insulin and glucagon release; decreases digestive activity (secretion, absorption, and motility)

Question 22

Hypothalamus

Answer 22

Releasing Factors

Question 23

Anterior Pituitary Gland (Master Gland)

Answer 23

TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, GH, prolactin

Question 24

Posterior Pituitary Gland

Answer 24

Oxytocin, ADH

Question 25

Adrenal Glands

Answer 25

Cortisol, Aldosterone, Epinephrine

Question 26

Testis (Male)

Answer 26

Testosterone

Question 27

Ovary (Female)

Answer 27

Estrogens, Progesterone

Question 28

Pineal Gland

Answer 28

Melatonin

Question 29

Thyroid Gland

Answer 29

Thyroid Hormones, Calcitonin

Question 30

Parathyroid Glands

Answer 30

PTH

Question 31

Pancreas

Answer 31

Insulin, Glucagon

Question 32

TSH

Answer 32

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 33

FSH

Answer 33

Follicle stimulating hormone

Question 34

LH

Answer 34

Luteinizing hormone

Question 35

ACTH

Answer 35

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 36

GH

Answer 36

Growth Hormone

Question 37

PTH

Answer 37

Parathyroid Hormone

Question 38

Brain hormone (peptide) (insect)

Answer 38

Stimulates release of ecdysone

Question 39

Juvenile Hormone (peptide) (insect)

Answer 39

Inhibits metamorphosis to adult stages; stimulates retention of juvenile characteristics

Question 40

Ecdysone (steroid) (insect)

Answer 40

Stimulates molt and in absence or low levels of juvenile hormone, stimulates metamorphosis