Malaria Flashcards
(45 cards)
what is the pathology of malaria
recurrent fever, parasites in peripheral blood smears, enlarged spleen, TNF induction, glomerulonephritis, cerebral malaria
which antigen confers resistance to P.virax malaria
Duffy antigen
what confers resistance to Plasmodium falciparum
unfavourable conditions eg sickle cell anaemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and ovalocytis
how is the infection acquired
through mosquito vectors derived through the bite and into the blood
what does the parasite first enter as
sporozoite
what cells do sporozoites infect
liver cells
for how long do sporozoites replicate in liver cells
10-16 days
when are sporozoites released
after differentiation
what is the new form of sporozoite which is released from liver cells
merozoite
what cells do merozoites infect
red blood cells
what form has the highest pathogenicity
merozoites
why does host develop cyclic fevers when merozoites infect RBCs
due to RBC bursting peridically so merozoit can infect more cells
how does the parasite replicate in liver cells and RBCs
asexually
how soon do symptoms appear after being bitten
10-15 days
which species of malaria parasite causes the most deaths
p. falciparum
what is the liver phase called
the exoerythrocytic phase
what is the RBC phase called
erythrocitic phase
how does the parasite escape undetected from liver cells
by wrapping itself in cell membrane of infected liver cell
what do some of the merozoites a sexually divide into
schizonts
what do merozoites which do not divide asexually into schizonts do
differentiate into sexual forms called gametocytes
what form is taken up by the mosquito when it feeds on blood
gametocytes
what is produced when the male gametocyte undergoes rapid nuclear division
8 flagellated daughter cells called microgametes
where do gametocytes mature
in the mosquito gut
what is produced when female and male gametocytes fuse
ookinete
