Male + Female Reproductive

Question 1

What is androgen

Answer 1

Male sex hormone

Question 2

What do Sertoli cells do

Answer 2

sperm production (spermatogenesis)

Question 3

What does androgen cause?

Answer 3

development of embryonic glands which lead to development of testes which product testosterone

Question 4

What does GnRH stand for

Answer 4

Gonadotropic releasing hormone

Question 5

What does inhibin inhibit?

Answer 5

The anterior pituitary which produces FSH and the hypothalamus

Question 6

What is a primery SC

Answer 6

it plays direct role in repoduction

Question 7

Male Primary S.C.

Answer 7

Testes, scrotum, epididymis, ductus deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate, cowpers

Question 8

Explain negative feedback loop for testosterone production

Answer 8

1. LH affects the interstitial cells which produce testosterone. There fore LH increases testosterone production
2. The production of testosterone directly inhibits the production of LH
3. COnstant testosterone production

Question 9

What cells does FSH affect

Answer 9

Sertoli cells and seminiferous tubules

Question 10

Male secondary SC

Answer 10

facial hair, body hair, low voice, narrow hips, muscle development

Question 11

What does testosterone inhibit?

Answer 11

The anterior which produces LH and the hypothalamus

Question 12

What does FSH mean

Answer 12

follicle stimulating hormone

Question 13

Parts of sperm and specifics

Answer 13

Head - 23 chromosomes
Acrosomes - enzymes to penetrate egg
Body/midpiece - mitochondria
Tail

Question 14

What does LH mean

Answer 14

luteninzing hormone

Question 15

What cells does LH affect

Answer 15

interstitial cells

Question 16

What does the production of testosterone stimulate in puberty?

Answer 16

Sex organs and secondary sex characteristics

Question 17

Production of seminal fluid

Answer 17

Seminal Vesicle
-musouc with fructose

Prostate + Cowpers
-muscous that is alkaline, counteracts acidic vagina

Question 18

Steps of sperm release

Answer 18

1. sperm travels from epididymis to ductus deferens,
2. from ductus deferens it connect with urethra at the ejaculatory duct
   the sperm is expelled via muscle contractions and is carried din seminal fluid

Question 19

Where is androgen triggered

Answer 19

on XY fetus

Question 20

Parts of penis and specifics

Answer 20

• shaft: main section
  -glans: head
  -foreskin: protects
  -urethra: urine + sperm

Question 21

What is secondary SC?

Answer 21

plays an indirect role, unique to male or female

Question 22

What happens during puberty specifically relating to hormones in the body?

Answer 22

1. The hypothalamus increases production of GnRH
2. This releasing hormone signal anterior pituitary to product FSH and LH
3. Both FSH and LH stimulate the testes meaning they increase/start sperm and testosterone production

Question 23

What do interstitial cells do

Answer 23

product testosterone

Question 24

How does erection work?

Answer 24

1. blood flows to spongy erectile tissue in penis
2. This cause the erectile tissue to expand
3. this expansion compressed blood veins trapping blood in penis

Question 25

What happens when there is a decrease in testosterone. Be specific

Answer 25

ANDROPAUSE- around 40 in men like menopause muscle loss fatigue depression decrease in sperm production

Question 26

Explain the negative feedback loop for sperm production

Answer 26

1. FSH influneces/increases the FSH to produce sperm 2. FSH also affects the seminiferous tubules which causes the tubules to secret inhibin 3. Inhibin INHIBITS the anterior to stop/slow production of FSH 4. This allows for constant sperm production

Question 27

Roles of testes

Answer 27

temp regulation and production of sperm + testosterone

Question 28

When does puberty start

Answer 28

10 -13

Question 29

Parts of testes

Answer 29

1. epididymis 2. somniferous tubules 3. ductus deferens 4. testis

Question 30

Where does inhibin come from?

Answer 30

Seminiferous tubules

Question 31

What are the female sex hormones

Answer 31

estrogen and progesterone

Question 32

What two cycles are in menstruation

Answer 32

ovarian and uterine

Question 33

What is menopause

Answer 33

number of follicles decrease with age hormone levels drop affecting homeostasis

Question 34

What happens when there is low progesterone

Answer 34

menstruation or miscarriage

Question 35

What hormone indicates positive pregnancy test

Answer 35

HCG

Question 36

In the flow phase, what is shed?

Answer 36

the endometrial lining

Question 37

What hormones are involved in flow phase

Answer 37

none, they are all low

Question 38

During follicle phase why does FSH increase?

Answer 38

Because there is no more inhibition on it

Question 39

Estrogen stimulates _____ to create more LH as part of positive feedback loop

Answer 39

hypothalamus

Question 40

Estrogen ___ before Lh and FSH

Answer 40

peaks

Question 41

What does LH do to follicle?

Answer 41

erupt and release ovum into oviduct

Question 42

After ovulation, LH causes follicle to become corpus lutes, what does it act as?

Answer 42

Temporary endocrine gland

Question 43

What does corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 43

progesterone and estrogen

Question 44

If egg is fertilized, what hormone is produced and function

Answer 44

HCG, keeps corpus luteum intact

Question 45

What kind of mucous does seminal vesicle produce

Answer 45

FRUCTOSE (SUGAR)

Question 46

What kind of mucous does Cowper's + Prostate gland produce?

Answer 46

Alkaline (basic)