Male Genital System & Lower Urinary Tract

Question 1

T/F: Abnormal urethral orifices are quite common

Answer 1

True 1/300

Question 2

Hypospadias vs Epispadias

Answer 2

Hypo ventral surface (bot) MC

Epi dorsal surface (top)

Question 3

What is Balanitis

Answer 3

Inflam of the glans penis

Question 4

What is Balanoposthitis

Answer 4

Inflam of the prepuce (foreskin)

Question 5

What is phimosis

Answer 5

Inability to retract prepuce, MC acquired

Question 6

95% of penile neoplasms are what type

Answer 6

SCC, <1% of male CA Dx

Question 7

What is SCC in situ, solitary on shaft, 10% becoming invasive

Answer 7

Bowen Disease

Question 8

Neoplasia of the scrotum is rare, but what type is MC

Answer 8

SCC

Question 9

What is inc. serous fluid in tunica vaginalis, MC cause of scrotal enlargement, infxn, tumor idiopathic, Dx. transluminescence

Answer 9

Hydrocele

Question 10

What is filariasis dealing with the scrotum

Answer 10

Elephantiasis (of the nuts, Randy Marsh) Wuchereria bancrofti

Question 11

What is Cryptorchidism, Dx. at 1, 1% of live births 10% bilat

Answer 11

Failure of testicle to descend, MC idiopathic

Question 12

Testicular atrophy and sterility will occur by what age in Cryptorchidism

Answer 12

5 years old

Question 13

Crytorchidism inc. the risk for testicular CA by what fold

Answer 13

3-5x

Question 14

What is orchitis

Answer 14

Inflam of the testis

Question 15

What virus causes 20% of orchitis in adults

Answer 15

Mumps virus

Question 16

Caseous granulomas are indicative of what

Answer 16

TB

Question 17

What is testicular torsion

Answer 17

spermatic cord twisting (untwist within 6 hours!)

Question 18

In adult testicular torsion, which is MC 12-18, what deformity is seen

Answer 18

Bell-clapper deformity

Question 19

If not resolved in 6 hrs. or not part of the 1/3 that spontaneously resolve what is the Tx for testicular torsion

Answer 19

Surgical repair

Question 20

What is Varicocele

Answer 20

Enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus of the scrotum

Question 21

If there is Varicocele what should you consider

Answer 21

Abdominal malignancy, MC renal cell carcinoma

Question 22

This neoplasia is discovered between 15-34, MC CA in this group, 6/100,000, 5% lethal

Answer 22

Testicular neoplasia

Question 23

T/F: Having a brother with testicular CA inc your risk by 8-10x

Answer 23

True!

Question 24

What kind of tumors are benign, from sertoli (nurse) and Leydig (testost) cells

Answer 24

Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors

Question 25

What kind of tumors are malignant 95% postpubertal testicular tumors from intratubular germ cell neoplasia

Answer 25

Germ Cell Tumors (GCTs)

Question 26

Seminomas and Nonseminomatous GCTs are both types of what

Answer 26

GCTs

Question 27

Which type of GCT has a more favorable prognosis 30-40, soft mass, well demarcated, gray-white, large uniform round nuclei, few lymphocytes, late mets, radiosensitive

Answer 27

Seminomas

Question 28

Pathologies of the peripheral zone of the prostate are typically what

Answer 28

Carcinomas

Question 29

Pathologies of the transitional zone of the prostate are typically what

Answer 29

Hyperplasia

Question 30

Prostatitis is MCly what

Answer 30

Chronic nonbaterial 90-95% aka Chronic pelvic pain syndrome

Question 31

What condition: Hyperplasia, idiopathic, >40, 90% of males >70, 10% symptomatic, nocturia

Answer 31

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Question 32

What are the side effects of Transurethral resection of the Prostate

Answer 32

Incontinence, erectile dysfunction

Question 33

What condition: 30% of all male CA Dx 10% of CA deaths, MC indolent, adenocarcinomas, 80% in peripheral zone, MC 65-75

Answer 33

Carcinoma of the prostate

Question 34

Prostate CA on Xray may look like what on the vertebral bodies

Answer 34

They may appear brighter

Question 35

What is Hydronephorsis

Answer 35

Dilation of the renal pelvis/calyces

Question 36

What is the MC cause of Hydronephrosis

Answer 36

Congenital: atresia in male infants

Question 37

Calcium oxalate is the MC cause of what

Answer 37

Renal Calculus (kidney stone)

Question 38

What inc. the risk for renal calculus

Answer 38

Dehydration, UTIs, dec vit A, gout,

Question 39

How are Staghorn Calculi different

Answer 39

MC from recurrent infxns, Mg ammonium phosphate

Question 40

Vomiting/wt. loss, Arthritis, HA, dizzines, Diplopia are all toxicity symptoms of what

Answer 40

Vit. A

Question 41

What is being described: Blind-ended pouch in bladder wall, MC acquired, MC small and asymp, infxn risk

Answer 41

Diverticulum

Question 42

What is being described: Inflamm of urinary bladder, Bacterial infxn, suprapubic pain, urinary freq, painful sex

Answer 42

Cystitis

Question 43

Urothelial carcinoma (90%) and SCC (5%) are the two primary types of what type of CA

Answer 43

Bladder CA (7% of CA in men)

Question 44

Painless hematuria with a high recurrence are both features of what

Answer 44

Bladder CA