MALE GENITALIA Flashcards by Sandejo M.

enlargement of the prostate gland, has become
increasingly common in men over age 40.

Prostatic hyperplasia,

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Perineal itching is seen with crab lice

(pediculosis pubis)

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(fats in the stool) causes
stools that appear oily or greasy, are
bulky, and float, as a result of impaired
digestion and/or absorption of fats.

Steatorrhea

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A change in sexual activity or sexual desire

(libido)

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A tight foreskin that cannot be retracted iS called .

phimosis

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A peritoneal protrusion
into the rectum, called a
___ (see Abnormal
Findings 26-4) may
indicate a cancerous
lesion or peritoneal
metastasis. Tenderness
may indicate peritoneal
inflammation

If cancer metastasizes to the peritoneal cavity, it may be felt as a nodular, hard, shelflike
structure that protrudes onto the anterior surface of the rectum in the area of the seminal vesicles in men and in the area of the rectouterine pouch in women

rectal shelf

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____(red, oval
ulcerations) from syphilis,
genital warts, and
pimplelike lesions from
herpes are sometimes
detected on the _.

Chancres
glans

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Lice or nit
(eggs) infestation at the
base of the penis or pubic
hair is known as
__. This is
commonly referred to as
“crabs.”

pediculosis pubis

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is displacement of the
urinary meatus to the
ventral surface of the
penis.

Urethral meatus is located underneath the glans (ventral side).
This condition is a congenital defect.
A groove extends from the meatus to the normal location of the urethral meatus.

Hypospadias

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A clear oR white discharge is usually associated with

urethritis.

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foreskin that, once
retracted, cannot be
returned to cover the
glans is called

paraphimosis.

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If you cannot push the mass
into the abdomen, suspect
an

incarcerated hernia.

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is displacement of the
urinary meatus to the
dorsal surface of the penis

The urethral meatus is located on the top of the glans (dorsal side); occurs rarely.
This condition is a congenital defect.

Epispadias

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A yellow discharge is
usually associated with.

gonorrhea

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Absence of a testis
suggests ___
(an undescended testicle).

cryptorchidism

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Bulges of red mucous
membrane may indicate a
___
Hemorrhoids or an anal
fissure may also be seen

rectal prolapse.

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. A small
opening in the skin that
surrounds the anal
opening may be an

anorectal fistula

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A ____ is
an enlargement of the
veins within the scrotum,
which may cause low
sperm production and
decreased sperm quality,
which can cause infertility

Abnormal dilation of veins in the spermatic cord
Client may complain of discomfort and testicular heaviness.
Tortuous veins are palpable and feel like a soft, irregular mass, or “a bag of worms” that
collapses when the client is supine.
Infertility may be associated with this condition.

varicocele

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A hernia is _
when its blood supply is
cut off.

strangulated

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A reddened, swollen, or
dimpled area covered by a
small tuft of hair located
midline on the lower
sacrum suggests a

pilonidal cyst

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Initially a small, silvery-white papule that develops a red, oval ulceration
Painless
A sign of primary syphilis (an STI) that spontaneously regresses
May be misdiagnosed as herpes

SYPHILITIC CHANCRE

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A swollen, tender prostate
may indicate acute
prostatitis. An enlarged
smooth, firm, slightly
elastic prostate that may
not have a median sulcus
suggests BPH. A hard
area on the prostate or
hard, fixed, irregular
nodules on the prostate
suggest cancer

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Clusters of pimplelike, clear vesicles that erupt and become ulcers
Painful
Initial lesions of this STI—typically caused by HSV-1 or HSV-2—disappear, and the
infection remains dormant for varying periods of time. Recurrences can be frequent or
minimally episodic

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HERPES PROGENITALIS

Single or multiple, moist, fleshy papules
Painless
STI caused by the HPV.

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GENITAL WARTS

Appears as hardened nodule or ulcer on the glans Painless Occurs primarily in uncircumcised men

CANCER OF THE GLANS PENIS

A foreskin that is left in a retracted position leads to venous congestion and edema of the foreskin

PARAPHIMOSIS

A loop of bowel protrudes into the scrotum to create what is known as an indirect inguinal hernia. Hernia appears as swelling in the scrotum. Palpable as a soft mass and fingers cannot get above the mass.

SCROTAL HERNIA

Collection of serous fluid in the scrotum, outside the testes, within the tunica vaginalis Appears as swelling in the scrotum and is usually painless. Usually, the examiner can get fingers above this mass during palpation. Will transilluminate (if there is blood in the scrotum, it will not transilluminate and is called a hematocele).

HYDROCELE

Initially a small, firm, nontender nodule on the testis As the tumor grows, the scrotum appears enlarged and the client complains of a heavy feeling. When palpated, the testis feels enlarged and smooth—tumor replaces testis. Will not transilluminate

TESTICULAR TUMOR

Failure of one or both testicles to descend into scrotum Scrotum appears undeveloped and testis cannot be palpated. Causes increased risk of testicular cancer

CRYPTORCHIDISM

Infection of the epididymis Client usually complains of sudden pain. Scrotum appears enlarged, reddened, and swollen; tender epididymis is palpated. Usually associated with prostatitis or bacterial infection

EPIDIDYMITIS

Inflammation of the testes, associated frequently with mumps Client complains of pain, heaviness, and fever. Scrotum appears enlarged and reddened. Swollen, tender testis is palpated. The examiner may have difficulty differentiating between testis and epididymis.

ORCHITIS

Small (<2 cm long), firm testes may indicate

Klinefelter syndrome

Small (<3.5 cm long), soft testes indicate atrophy. Atrophy may result from cirrhosis, hypopituitarism, estrogen administration, extended illness, or the disorder may occur after orchitis.

Very painful condition caused by twisting of spermatic cord Scrotum appears enlarged and reddened. Palpation reveals thickened cord and swollen, tender testis that may be higher in scrotum than normal. This condition requires immediate referral for surgery because circulation is obstructed.

TORSION OF SPERMATIC CORD

Sperm-filled cystic mass located on epididymis Palpable as small and nontender, and movable above the testis This mass will appear on transillumination.

SPERMATOCELE

Bowel herniates through internal inguinal ring and remains in the inguinal canal or travels down into the scrotum (scrotal hernia). This is the most common type of hernia. It may occur in adults but is more frequent in children.

INDIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA

Bowel herniates from behind and through the external inguinal ring. It rarely travels down into the scrotum. This type of hernia is less common than an indirect hernia. It occurs mostly in adult men older than age 40.

DIRECT INGUINAL HERNIA

Bowel herniates through the femoral ring and canal. It never travels into the scrotum, and the inguinal canal is empty. This is the least common type of hernia. It occurs mostly in women

FEMORAL HERNIA

is a cavity of pus, caused by infection in the skin around the anal opening. It causes throbbing pain and is red, swollen, hard, and tender.

PERIANAL ABSCESS

Hemorrhoids are usually painless papules caused by varicose veins. They can be internal or external (above or below the anorectal junction). This external hemorrhoid has become thrombosed—it contains clotted blood, is very painful and swollen, and itches and bleeds with bowel movements.

EXTERNAL HEMORRHOID

These splits in the tissue of the anal canal are caused by trauma. A swollen skin tag (“sentinel tag”) is often present below the fissure on the anal margin. They cause intense pain, itching, and bleeding.

ANAL FISSURE

This is evidenced by a small, round opening in the skin that surrounds the anal opening. It suggests an inflammatory tract from the anus or rectum out to the skin. A previous abscess may have preceded the fistula.

ANORECTAL FISTULA

This occurs when the mucosa of the rectum protrudes out through the anal opening. It may involve only the mucosa or the mucosa and the rectal wall. It appears as a red, doughnutlike mass with radiating folds.

RECTAL PROLAPSE

This congenital disorder is characterized by a small dimple or cyst/sinus that contains hair. It is located midline in the sacrococcygeal area and has a palpable sinus tract

PILONIDAL CYST

These soft structures are rather common and occur in varying sizes and numbers. There are two types: pedunculated (on a stalk) and sessile (on the mucosal surface).

RECTAL POLYPS

is usually asymptomatic until it is quite advanced. Thus, routine rectal palpation is essential. A cancer of the rectum may feel like a firm nodule, an ulcerated nodule with rolled edges, or, as it grows, a large, irregularly shaped, fixed, hard nodule.

A rectal carcinoma

The prostate is swollen, tender, firm, and warm to the touch. Prostatitis is caused by a bacterial infection.

ACUTE PROSTATITIS

A hard area on the prostate or hard, fixed, irregular nodules on the prostate suggest cancer. The median sulcus may not be palpable

CANCER OF THE PROSTATE

The prostate is enlarged, smooth, firm, and slightly elastic. The median sulcus may not be palpable. It is common in men older than 50 years.

BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY

MALE GENITALIA Flashcards

(55 cards)