Male Health

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of the male reproductive system?

Answer 1

produce and deliver sperm for fertilization

Question 2

What process forms male gametes?

Answer 2

spermatogenesis

Question 3

Which hormone regulates male secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 3

testosterone

Question 4

What do Leydig cells produce?

Answer 4

testosterone

Question 5

What is the role of sertoli cells?

Answer 5

support/nourish developing sperm

Question 6

What hormones are released from the anterior pituitary gland in males?

Answer 6

LH and FSH

Question 7

What happens during puberty in males regarding hormone release?

Answer 7

LH and FSH are released at an enhanced rate, stimulating testosterone production and sperm maturation

Question 8

What is the process by which sperm cells mature into spermatozoa?

Answer 8

spermatogenesis

Question 9

Where do sperm storage and maturation occur?

Answer 9

epididymis

Question 10

What is the function of seminal vessicles?

Answer 10

produce seminal fluid, contributing to semen volume

Question 11

What is the role of the prostate gland?

Answer 11

contributes seminal fluid and surrounds the ejaculatory duct

Question 12

What is erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Answer 12

the inability to achieve/maintain an erection

Question 13

What are common causes of ED?

Answer 13

Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, organic causes (neurological/vascular disorders, medication, trauma), and psychological issues (anxiety/depression)

Question 14

What characterizes hypogonadism?

Answer 14

insufficient production of testosterone
-classified as primary or secondary
- cause is multifactorial

Question 15

What is the main treatment for low testosterone levels (hypogonadism)?

Answer 15

testosterone replacement therapy (TRT)

Question 16

What is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

Answer 16

non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate, common in older men. BHP leading cause of LUTS in older men

Question 17

What symptoms are associated with BPH?

Answer 17

urinary frequency, urgency, and difficulty urinating

Question 18

What is the purpose of a digital rectal exam (DRE)?

Answer 18

to assess prostate size, shape, and texture for abnormalities indicative of BPH or other conditions

Question 19

What triggers the process of micturition (urination)?

Answer 19

stretch receptors in the bladder signaling the need to urinate

Question 20

What is overactive bladder (OAB)?

Answer 20

a condition characterized by an overwhelming urge to urinate, often w/ increased frequency

Question 21

What is the primary function of the testes and where is it locates?

Answer 21

to produce sperm. located w/in the scrotum

Question 22

What are the phases of spermatogenesis?

Answer 22

1. spermatogonia phase
   –> mitosis to form primary spermatocytes
2. spermatocyte phase
   –> primary-meiosis I, secondary-meiosis II
3. spermatid phase
   –> develops tail for swimming

Question 23

Erection is mediated by what?

Answer 23

PNS

Question 24

Ejaculation is mediated by what?

Answer 24

SNS

Question 25

Primary hypogonadism results from what?

Answer 25

direct dysfunction of the testes -Klinefelter syndrome (extra X)

Question 26

Secondary hypogonadism results from what?

Answer 26

problems w/ the hypothalamus or pituitary gland -tumors, genetic disorders (affecting HPGA)

Question 27

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) metabolizes and is essential for what?

Answer 27

DHT metabolizes testosterone by 5-alpha-reductase. Essential for normal & hyperplastic growth

Question 28

TURPS is what?

Answer 28

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgical intervention to help with BPH

Question 29

What is the process of micturition?

Answer 29

1.bladder fills (signals need to urine) 2.detrusor muscle contracts = increase bladder pressure 3.internal urethral sphincter (involuntary muscle) relax 4. external urethral sphincter (voluntary muscle) relax to release urine from urethra out body

Question 30

The types of urinary incontinence are?

Answer 30

stress, urge, mixed, functional, overflow, transient