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REPRO > Male histo > Flashcards

Male histo Flashcards

1
Q

Testis structure

A 
Parenchyma and stroma
seminiferous tubules (exocrine) convoluted up to 1200 combined length of up to 400m
Leydig cells (endocrine) interstitium/stroma
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2
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Sparmatogenic/germ cell

1) capsule
2) spermatogonium 2n - divide into spermatogonia and spermatocytes
3) Spermatocyte
4) Early spermatic 1n
5) late spermatid

Sertoli cells (10%) - columnar nurse cells, non-proliferative

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3
Q

Spermatogonium

A

cuboidal, dark nucleus

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4
Q

Spermatocyte

A

large euchromatic nuclei

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5
Q

Sertoli cell

A

euchromatic nuclei, columnar

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6
Q

Spermatids

A

conical DNA heads

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7
Q

Blood-testes barrier

A

tight junction separating spermatogonia and spermatocytes

protect from immunological reaction

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8
Q

Spermatid maturation

A

Juxtanuclear golgi complex (synthesis of acrosome)
Centrioles
Mitochondria migration
Flagellum development
Elimination of residual cytoplasm
Spermatozoa (70 days) + maturation (12 days)

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9
Q

Mature sperm structure

A

Head, neck, middle piece, tail
Nucleus covered by acrosome
Axoneme (9+2 microtubule) structure in tail
Dense fibers with mitochondrial sheath in middle piece

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10
Q

Sertoli cell structure

A

Golgi, nucleus
SER, lipid droplet
abundant mitochondria

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11
Q

Leydig cell structure

A 
interstitium
endocrine - proximity to capillaries
lipid: foamy and washed out appearance
cholesterol --> testosterone
eccentric nucleus with prominent nucleoli (1 or 2)
Euchromatic nucleus
Tubulovesicular cristae of mitochondria
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12
Q

Rete testes

A

storage and passage

simple cuboidal epithelium

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13
Q

Epididymis

A 
continuous duct
storage/maturation
fluid resorbed
spermatozoa mature, gain motility, gain fertilization capacity
passage takes ~12 days
duct surrounded by CT and smooth muscle
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14
Q

Vas deferens

A

hollow tube, ~40 cm in length
passes through inguinal canal, eventually joining seminal vesicle at ejaculatory duct
pseudostratified epithelium
lamina propria rich in elastic fibers
triple layer muscular wall
sympathetic stimulation during ejactulation
secretory and absorptive functions

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15
Q

Vas deferens cell structure

A

Apical stereocilia

with principal and basal cells

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16
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

Produces 70% of the seminal fluid (semen)
Primary secretion: fructose - primary energy source for spermatozoa
pseudostratified to simple columnar epithelium
apical domes instead of stereocilia

17
Q

Prostate

A

collection of ~50 compound tubuloalveolar glands
unique fibromuscular stroma
15% of ejaculate - enzymes for liquefaction of semen
pseudostratified to simple columnar epithelium
with age, prostatic concretions visible

18
Q

chemicals mediating contraction of blood vessels

A 
Noradrenaline
endothelins
angiotensin II
serotonin
prostagnoids
tumor necrosis factor alpha
19
Q

chemicals mediating relaxation of blood vessels

A 
acetylcholine
dopamine
ATP
adenosine
VIp, related peptides
adrenomedullin, CGRP
prostanoids
endocannabinoids
20
Q

Penis compoentns

A

Tunica albuginea
Corpus cavernosum
corpus spongiosum

21
Q

Corpus cavernosum

A

vascular sinuses

with parasympathetic stimulation: dilation of helicine arteries

22
Q

Glands of Littre

A

synthesize mucus in penis

23
Q

Rete testis epithelium

A

simple cuboidal
no stereocilia
smooth muscle in stroma

24
Q

Epididymus epithelium

A

pseudostratified (basal + columnar principal cells)
tall
apical stereocilia
sm in stroma

25
Q

vas deferens epithelium

A

pseudostratified (basal + columnar principal cells)
not as tall
apical stereocilia
triple layered smooth muscle

26
Q

Urethra epithelium

A

transitional > stratified columnar > stratified squamous
no stereocilia
corpus spongiosum - smooth muscle

27
Q

Seminiferous tubule epithelium

A

germinal epithelium
spermatozoa at apical surface
10% ejaculate made here

28
Q

Seminal vesicle epithelium

A

pseudostratified - simple columnar
domes instead of stereocilia
70% of ejaculate made here - fructose rich

29
Q

Prostate epithelium

A

pseudostratified to simple columnar
no stereocilia
15% o ejaculate made here, with enzymes for semen liquefaction

REPRO (18 decks)

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