Male Lab Quiz 1

Question 1

Infants and children reach sexual differentiation by __ weeks

Answer 1

12

Question 2

Complete separation of prepuce occurs at about _____ years

Answer 2

3 to 4

Question 3

Should be inspected and palpated with infants

Answer 3

• Congenital abnormalities
• Incomplete development
• Sexual ambiguity
• Urethral placement
• Retractability of foreskin
• Descent of testicles
• Masses

Question 4

What procedure should be done in an infant if a mass is palpated in the scrotum?

Answer 4

Transilluminate scrotum

Question 5

Should be inspected and palpated with children

Answer 5

• Size
• Lesions
• Malformations
• Discharge
• Descent of testicles
• Masses

Question 6

Functional maturation of reproductive organs. Causes in increase in size of the penis and testes and development of pubic hair

Answer 6

Puberty

Question 7

When does puberty occur?

Answer 7

Adolescents

Question 8

What should the review of related history involve in adolescents?

Answer 8

• Knowledge of reproduction and sexual function
• Nocturnal emissions
• Pubic hair and organ enlargements
• Sexual activity and barrier protection

Question 9

Steps the clinician takes in examining an adolescent

Answer 9

• Allay anxiety
• Protect privacy
• Inspect and palpate the expected maturational changes

Question 10

Control of external anal sphincter occurs by age __________

Answer 10

18-24 months

Question 11

The prostate is undeveloped until ________

Answer 11

Puberty

Question 12

Review of related history for infants and children

Answer 12

• Stool characteristics
• Bowel movements
• Feeding habits
• Bowel control and potty training
• Associated symptoms
• Congenital anomaly

Question 13

What should the anus, perineum, and buttocks in infants and children be inspected for?

Answer 13

• Redness or irritation
• Masses
• Discharge or bleeding
• Perirectal protrusion
• Rectal abscesses
• Texture and tone
• Anal contraction

Question 14

Examine ______ for patency of the anus

Answer 14

Newborn

Question 15

T/F Rectal examination is routine for infants and children

Answer 15

FALSE.

It is NOT routine for infants and children

Question 16

When should a clinician perform a rectal exam on a child or infant?

Answer 16

When child/infant presents with:

• Pain
• Bleeding
• Rectal protrusion or abscesses
• Stool abnormalities

Question 17

T/F Rectal examination is routine for adolescents

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Common abnormalities in children

Answer 18

• Ambiguous genitalia
• Enterobiasis
• Imperforate anus

Question 19

The protrusion of a part or structure through the tissues normally containing it.

Answer 19

Hernia

Question 20

Occurs when abdominal viscus pushes through a congenital or acquired defect in the lower abdominal wall

Answer 20

Inguinal hernia

Question 21

Hernia that traverses the inguinal canal the same as the spermatic cord

Answer 21

Indirect hernia

Question 22

Pathway of an indirect hernia

Answer 22

Enters the inguinal canal at the deep inguinal ring lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels, and passes obliquely through the abdominal wall

Question 23

T/F Indirect hernias will never pass into the scrotum of labium majus

Answer 23

FALSE.

If the severity is large enough, an indirect hernia can travel into the scrotum or labium majus

Question 24

Indirect hernias are more common in ___, and may be _______ or the result of an injury

Answer 24

Males

Congenital

Question 25

Hernia that travels through the weaken fascia of the abdominal wall.

Answer 25

Direct hernia

Question 26

Pathway of a direct hernia

Answer 26

Through the abdominal wall directly behind the superficial inguinal ring and medial to the inferior epigastric vessels. They penetrate the inguinal canal through its posterior wall medial to the deep inguinal ring

Question 27

Direct inguinal hernias are more common in:

Answer 27

Elderly men with weak abdominal muscles

Question 28

T/F Direct inguinal hernias rarely enter the scrotum or labium majus

Answer 28

True

Question 29

An indirect inguinal hernia, when present, can be felt on the ____ of the finger while a direct inguinal hernia can be felt on the ____ of the finger

Answer 29

``` Indirect = tip of the finger Direct = side of the finger ```

Question 30

Spinal nerves responsible for the cremasteric reflex

Answer 30

T12, L1, L2

Question 31

3 most common STD's

Answer 31

Herpes, HPV, and Chlamydia

Question 32

Most common reproductive cancer in males under 35

Answer 32

Testicular

Question 33

2nd leading cause of cancer death in males

Answer 33

Prostate

Question 34

Failure to maintain good hygiene with the foreskin intact, HPV, and smoking all increase the risk of which male cancer?

Answer 34

Penile

Question 35

Define cryptorchidism, List two associated concerns

Answer 35

- Undescended testicle(s) | - Testicular cancer and infertility

Question 36

How do most men acquire HIV infections?

Answer 36

Sex with men

Question 37

Define phimosis. At what age is this considered a normal finding?

Answer 37

- Foreskin cannot be fully retracted | - Normal 0-4 years of age

Question 38

What might you recommend to a patient to decrease their risk of prostatic cancer?

Answer 38

Diet low in animal fat and physical activity

Question 39

What might you recommend to a patient to decrease their risk of penile cancer?

Answer 39

- Maintain good hygiene (especially if foreskin is intact) - Sexual abstinence/monogamy/condom use (avoid HPV exposure) - Quit smoking

Question 40

3 curable STD's

Answer 40

- Gonorrhea - Syphilis - Chlamydia

Question 41

3 incurable STD's

Answer 41

- Herpes - HPV - HIV

Question 42

Who should perform a self exam? How often?

Answer 42

- Anyone at risk for contracting an STI | - Self-screening for testicular cancer

Question 43

Describe the male self exam

Answer 43

- Examine the head/glans - Examine the shaft - Examine the scrotum - Other signs and symptoms of STI's

Question 44

First part of the male examination

Answer 44

History questions

Question 45

Steps of the male exam

Answer 45

1) History questions 2) Inspect hair pattern 3) Palpate the lymph nodes 4) Inspect penis (urethral meatus, palpate the penis, strip the urethra) 5) Inspect the scrotum and testicles 6) Transiluminate the testicles 7) Hernia Check 8) Cremasteric reflex 9) Posterior Scrotum check 10) DRE 11) Perineal area

Question 46

DRE procedure

Answer 46

- Patient should turn and lie with their test on the table - Inspect sacrococcygeal areas for any lesions, rashes, etc. - Palpate the posterior aspect of the scrotum - Palpate the perineal area and inspect the anal canal for any cracks, fissures, fistulas, or bleeding hemorrhoids - Lubricate and insert the finger while asking the patient to bear down. - Have patient squeeze around finger to test neurology and muscular control of the anal sphincter - Ask patient to bear down again as you insert the finger deeper downward toward the prostate. - Palpate the rectal walls - Have patient bear down while you remove the finger - Smear glove on a GUIAC test kit to assess for fecal blood.