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Chem 119 > Male Reproduction > Flashcards

Male Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

sigmoid flexure

A

causes penis to be erect all the time

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2
Q

filiform appendage

A

causes sperm to spray everywhere

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3
Q

what is the number one cause issues with sperm production

A

heat stress

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4
Q

brucella ovis

A

causes swelling of epididymis(sperm cant get out)

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5
Q

epididymis

A

passageway of sperm from testes to vas deferens

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6
Q

head of epididymis

A

sperm not capable of fertilization or motility

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7
Q

body of epididymis

A

sperm gains motility

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8
Q

tail of epididymis

A

storage cite until ejaculation

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9
Q

where are sperm that are capable of fertilization held

A

tail of epididymis

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10
Q

vas deferens

A

transport sperm from testes to penis

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11
Q

fibroelastic

A

erect all the time

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12
Q

spermatogenesis

A

produce and maintain supply of sperm

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13
Q

how long does it take to produce a sperm cell

A

60 days

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14
Q

does ovulation happen before mating

A

No, bc it takes longer for sperm cell to get through, so egg needs to be released after mating

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15
Q

what animal produces the largest amount of sperm

A

swine

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16
Q

why should a bse be performed 60 days before planned mating

A

bc that’s how long it takes to produce a sperm cell

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17
Q

what is the purpose of fructose in extender

A

adds energy

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18
Q

what is the process that activates sperm cell

A

capacitation

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19
Q

ram effect

A

males smell bad around mating time which induces estrus in females

20
Q

spermatic cord

A

contains vas deferens, pampiniform plexus, and external cremaster muscle nerves

21
Q

pampiniform plexus

A

important blood flow

22
Q

testicular artery

A

main blood flow down artery

23
Q

how does blood get cool enough to not kill sperm in testes

A

already cooled blood flows up and cools down the blood flowing down

24
Q

seminiferous tubule

A

produces sperm cells

25
Q

rete testes

A

transports sperm cells from seminiferous tubules

26
Q

capacitation

A

aka acrosomal reaction, activates enzymes that allow sperm to cut through egg shell

27
Q

what is tested in a BSE

A

Semen sample(to see concentration of sperm and if its in the right direction)
body condition
condition of scrotum, testes, penis, and feet
check libido

28
Q

why do you want a larger scrotum

A

bc males lose 20-30% of there body weight during mating including scrotum size

29
Q

mediastinum

A

center of testes, transport spermatozoa from tubules in testes to epididymis

30
Q

ingredients of extender for cooling

A

double distilled water
fructose
skim milk
antibiotics

31
Q

ingredients of extender for freezing

A

everything used for cooling
egg yolk or soy oil
glycerol

32
Q

what is the purpose of egg yolk and glycerol in extender when freezing sperm

A

egg yolk: adds elasticity
glycerol: removes water from head of sperm
these help keep the sperm from bursting when they’re frozen

33
Q

how many sperm cells are expected to die when freezing them

A

50%

34
Q

which animal has a corkscrew penis

A

swine

35
Q

which mammals have vascular penis’

A

horses and humans

36
Q

flehmen response

A

scent, lifting top lip to absorb pheromones, done in horses

37
Q

electroejaculator

A

inserted into rectum: uses low electrical pulse to cause ejaculation

38
Q

T/F volume and concentration of sperm cells are inversely related

A

True- as volume increases concentration decreases

39
Q

which animal has the smallest concentration

A

horses

40
Q

what does the concentration depend on

A

complexity

41
Q

cryptorchidism

A

testes don’t descend into scrotum, so there’s no thermoregulation

42
Q

bilateral(sterile)

A

no spermatogenesis, but testosterone is produced

43
Q

unilateral(fertile)

A

reduced sperm production

44
Q

late testes descent is common in which two animals

A

pigs and horses
(must be surgically removed sometimes)

45
Q

what should the temp of the testes be

A

4-6 C less than body temp

46
Q

how does the body keep the testes cool

A

-kept outside of the body
-insulation(scrotal skin and subcutaneous fat)
-sweat
-tunica dartos muscle(contracts/relax to move testes closer/further from body)
-blood supply

Chem 119 (6 decks)

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