Male Reproductive function Flashcards
(25 cards)
Where is testosterone made?
intersitial cells of leydig between tubules
What is cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
(Risk of cancer + overheating
Where does spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis occur?
Coiled seminiferous tubules of testis
Accessory glands in the male reproductive system
Seminal vesicle
prostate gland
cowpers
How is temperature regulated in the male reproductive system
Cremaster muscle
spermatic arteries and pumpiform plexus
counter current heat exchanger creates a tempertaure gradient
What are the 4 stages of sperm formation
Spermatogenesis
Spermiogenesis
Spermiation
Capacitation
What is spermatogenesis
Haploid gametes from the diploid precursors
What is spermiogenesis
The gametes change to become motile
What is spermiation
Release of spermatocytes to the lumen of the seminiferous tubules - swim into
What does spermatogenesis produce
Primary spermatocyte - diploid and double genetic material
Secondary spermatocytes- divide to give spermatids
What are spermatids?
Correct genetic material but not structural or motile
What do sertoli cells provide?
Nourishment
Blood/testicle barriers
toxins
What is located on the head of the spermocyte
Nuclear material and acrosomal cap
What is located in the mid section of the spermocytes
Centrioles and mitochondrial spiral
Microtubular tail with cork screw motility
What is meant by capacitation
allows the spermatazoa to fertitilse the female gamete
How is FSH released
GNRH instructs the ant pit to secrete FSH
What does FSH cause to happen
Serotoli cells to activate spermatogenesis
produces inhibin
What does LH do
Stimulates leydig cells to produce testosterone
Why do serotoli cells need testosterone
for spermatogenesis
Functions of testerone
- essential in spermatogenesis
- development of male phenotype in uterus
- male reproducitve structures
- adolescent growth spurt in bones and muscluature
- muscle deposition
- increase in metabolic
- behavioural changes- libido
What causes erection
Turgitidy of corpus cavernosa and sponginosum
erotic stimuli, mechanical stimuli to glans and ant penis
venous compression
sympathetic withdrawal and parasympathetic activation
What causes ejactulation emission
Sympathetic reflex
What causes ejaculation expulsion
somatic reflex of skeletal muscle
What is semen
Seminal vesicle of fructose for nourishment, prostoglandins and clotting agents
