Male Reproductive System

Question 1

External genetalia of a male

Answer 1

Scrotum
Penis

Question 2

Internal genetalia of a male

Answer 2

2Testes
Spermatic cords
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicles
Ejaculatory ducts
Prostate gland
Urethra

Question 3

What is the scrotum

Answer 3

Pouch of skin connective tissues and smooth muscle
Contains tested epididymis and end of spermatic cord

Question 4

Names of muscle in scrotum that enables lifting of testes

Answer 4

Smooth muscle (Dartos muscle) and skeletal muscle (cremaster )

Question 5

What are testes

Answer 5

Male gonads that are suspended by spermatic cords in scrotum

Question 6

3 layers of tissue in testes

Answer 6

Tunica vaginalis
Tunica albuginae
Tunica vasculosa

Question 7

Role of tunica vaginales in testes

Answer 7

Douboe membrane of peritoneum from abdomen (embryonic descent )thag detaches to surround testes

Question 8

What is the fibrous layer in testes that divides testes into lobules

Answer 8

Tunica albuginae

Question 9

Role of tunica vasculosa

Answer 9

Network of capillaries and delicate connective tissue

Question 10

What’s inside a testes

Answer 10

Each contains 200-300 lobules
Each lobule contains 1-4 convulated seminiferous tubules(sperm production) connect via rete testisand efferent ducts w the epididymis, this leaves scrotum as bad deferens in the spermatic cord
Interstitial tissue (incl. Leydig cells) sit between tubules (testosterone production)

Question 11

What are bulbo urethral glands (cowpers glands)

Answer 11

Pea sized glands drain into urethra
Arousal/ pre ejaculation

Question 12

Role of leydig cells

Answer 12

Lay between tubules in a lobule

Question 13

Role of Sertoli cells

Answer 13

Stretch between basement membrane down to the lumen of a tubule(cross section wise )

Question 14

Role of blood - testes barrier

Answer 14

Exists in each tubule
Separats basal from adluminal compartment
Prevents entry of many systemic factors into adluminal compartment
Allows Sertoli cells to create microenvitonmrnt to nurture post meitotic cells
Prevents barrier to stop post meiotic germ cells from being seen by immune system

Question 15

How is blood testes barrier formed

Answer 15

Mainly by tight junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells

Question 16

Role of spermatic cord

Answer 16

Suspend testes in scrotum

Question 17

What’s inside spermatic cord

Answer 17

Testicular artery vein lymphatics vas deferens and testicular nerves

Question 18

Role of vas deferens

Answer 18

Carries sperm out of testes, through inguinal canal
Joins ducts from seminal vesicles to form ejaculatory ducts

Question 19

Layers of tissue in seminal vesicles

Answer 19

Outer fibrous covering
Smooth muscle- contracts on ejaculatoon
Columnar epithelium- secretes seminal fluid

Question 20

Seminal vesicles role

Answer 20

Joins with ipsilateral vas deferens to form ejaculatory duct

Question 21

Tissues in prostate gland

Answer 21

Outer fibrous covering
Smith muscle - contracts on ejaculation
Inner glandular tissue- secrets prostatic fluid

Question 22

Role of prostrate glwnf

Answer 22

Fluid producing gland

Question 23

Route of sperm through male

Answer 23

Pré éjaculante fluid from Cowpers gland
And sperm from epididymis mix with secretions from seminal vesicles and prostate

Question 24

3 parts of the urethra in a male

Answer 24

Prostatic urethra - within prostate
Membranous urethra- prostate to bulb of penis, shortest and narrowest
Spongiose/ penile urethra -within penis

Question 25

Layers of tissue in urethra

Answer 25

- muscle layer inner smooth muscle (involuntary) outer skeletal muscle (voluntary) - mucosa transitional epithelium proximal ly stratified epithelium distally supporter my loose connective tissue( blood vessels and nerves )

Question 27

What is the internal urethral sphincter

Answer 27

A thickening of the urethral circular smooth muscle at start of urethra in a male - involuntary control

Question 28

What is external urethral sphincter

Answer 28

Skeletal muscle embedded in Pelvoc floor in a male Voluntary control

Question 29

3 columns of erectile tissue that is in the shaft of penis

Answer 29

2 lateral corpora cavernosa 1 ventral corpus spongiosum

Question 30

How does an wrection occur

Answer 30

Arterial dilation leads to engorgement of erectile tissue - squashing veins - erection

Question 31

Function of scrotum

Answer 31

Sperm neede cooler temps about 2 degrees lower than body temp

Question 32

How does smooth muscle help lifting and lowering of scrotum

Answer 32

Cremaster muscle elevates tested ( involuntary skeletal muscle response to touch fewr arousal) Dartos muscle is modified a rector pili muscle and responds to cold temp to contract scrotum and wrinkle skin surface (réponse to cold )

Question 33

What’s in control of testosterone production

Answer 33

LH from ant pituitary stimulates Leydig cells in interstitial tissue in testes

Question 34

Function of prostatege gland

Answer 34

Production and storage of prostate fluid Gives semen milky appearance Clotting enzyme activated in vagina that thickens semen - retains ejaculate - reduces access to further ejaculayes

Question 35

How is sperm produced

Answer 35

FSH binds to FSHR on Sertoli cells that nurture developing germ cells - sperm production

Question 36

Function of seminal vesicles

Answer 36

Seminal fluid produced by columnar epithelium Stored in fibromuscular pouches - released by contraction of smooth muscle firing ejaculation

Question 37

Two adaptation of seminal fluid

Answer 37

Alkali to protect sperm from acidoc vaginal secretions Hugh fructose comtrmt for sperm energy