malfunctions in homeostasis

Question 1

malfunctions in homeostasis mechanisms

Answer 1

• type 1 diabetes
• hypoglcaemia
• hyperthyroidism

Question 2

what is type 1 diabetes

Answer 2

type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system recognises beta cells in the pancreas as non-self and attacks them using autoantibodies.
* as a result people with type 1 diabetes produce very little or no insulin, therefore, their blood glucose levels are unregulated.
* the alpha cells become impaired and can no loner function well.

Question 3

blood glucose and examplse of malfunctions

Answer 3

1. type 1 diabetes - insulin is not produced, causing high blood glucose.
2. type 2 diabetes - cells are resistant to insulin, causing high blood glucose.
3. hypoglycaemia - blood glucose becomes too low.

Question 4

what is responsible for the production of hormone insulin

Answer 4

the beta cells of the pancreas are responsible for the production of the hormone insulin. This hormone plays a key role in stopping blood glucose from increasing above the normal level by facilitating the uptake of glucose by body cells.

Question 5

what is type 2 diabetes

Answer 5

a disease in which the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin and/or doesn’t produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels.
* type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of lifestyle and genetic factors.
* it typically occurs later in life - around middle to an older age
* it can be controlled by altering diet and execrise levels.

Question 6

Hyperglycaemia vs. Hypoglycaemia

Answer 6

• Hyper – the state of having blood glucose levels above the normal range (>7.8 mmol/L)
• Hypo – the state of having blood glucose levels below the normal range (<4.0 mmol/L)

Question 7

what can people do to rise blood glucose levels

Answer 7

people can rise blood glucose levels by eating carbhyrdrate rich founds or glucose rich foods.